Concentration is often given in grams per litre (g L−1) rather than kilograms per cubic metre (kg m−3). Note also that 1 mg mL−1 is therefore also equal to 1 kg m−3. Molarity is commonly expressed…

1.5 Prostatic carcinoma therapy Somatostatin 3.1 Growth inhibition Calcitonin 3.4 Ca2+ regulation Glucagon 3.5 Diabetes therapy Parathyroid hormone (1–34) 4.3 Ca2+ regulation Insulin 6 Diabetes therapy Parathyroid hormone (1–84) 9.4…

Figure 11.1 Solubility curves for total parenteral nutrition solutions containing amino acid (15 g dm–3) and 10% dextrose at pH 5.5. Dotted line: Aminosyn. Solid line: TrophAmine. Dashed lines: relative calcium-to-phosphate ratios. Modified…

Figure 8.1 Model of a biological membrane showing the different compositions of the interior and exterior sides. Glycolipids are seen on the outside, while phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylinositol predominate on the cytosolic…

Figure 12.1 Drug/human factors and dosage form factors in adverse events following medication administration. Modified from Uchegbu IF, Florence AT. Adverse drug events related to dosage forms and delivery systems. Drug…

Figure 14.1 Nanosystems that exist in nature (not to scale). Left to right: an insulin hexamer (3.5 × 5 nm), a low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particle (28 nm) and a parvovirus (20–25 nm). LDL…

Figure 1.1 Classification of solids. 1.2 Crystalline solids: structure and properties 1.2.1 Crystal structure Crystals contain highly ordered arrays of molecules and atoms held together by non-covalent interactions. We can consider as a…

Figure 10.1 The matrix of drivers for special formulations. 10.2 Paediatric medication Children are far from being a homogeneous group. They range from: preterm newborn infants (premature: average weight <3.4 kg) full-term…

Key point The search for true bioequivalence is important. Given the variability of human drug response, to which we have referred several times, it is even more important that the product…