Vitamins and Trace Elements
Chapter 31 Vitamins and Trace Elements Alan Shenkin, Ph.D., and Norman B. Roberts, Ph.D., C.Chem.* Adequate supplies of vitamins and trace elements are critical in maintaining the health and development…
Serum Enzymes
Chapter 22 Serum Enzymes Mauro Panteghini, M.D. and Renze Bais, Ph.D., A.R.C.P.A. Measurements of enzymes are used in medicine in two major ways. Enzymes are measured in serum and other…
Optical Techniques
Chapter 10 Optical Techniques Larry J. Kricka, D.Phil., F.A.C.B., C.Chem., F.R.S.C., F.R.C.Path. and Jason Y. Park, M.D., Ph.D., F.C.A.P.* Many determinations made in the clinical laboratory are based on measurements…
Chromatography and Extraction
Chapter 13 Chromatography and Extraction Glen L. Hortin, M.D., Ph.D. and Bruce A. Goldberger, Ph.D.* Biological fluids are complex mixtures, and clinical tests for specific components contained in these fluids…
Therapeutic Drugs and Their Management
Chapter 34 Therapeutic Drugs and Their Management Christine L.H. Snozek, Ph.D., Gwendolyn A. McMillin, Ph.D., D.A.B.C.C.(C.C.,T.C.) and Thomas P. Moyer, Ph.D. Physicians have long recognized the limitations of empirical drug…
Gastric, Pancreatic, and Intestinal Function
Chapter 51 Gastric, Pancreatic, and Intestinal Function Peter G. Hill, B.Sc., Ph.D., F.R.C.Path., Dip.Hlth.Mgt.* The stomach, intestinal tract, and pancreas are closely related, both anatomically and functionally, and symptoms, such…
The Thyroid: Pathophysiology and Thyroid Function Testing
Chapter 55 The Thyroid Pathophysiology and Thyroid Function Testing William E. Winter, M.D., Desmond Schatz, M.D. and Roger L. Bertholf, Ph.D.* The thyroid is a butterfly-shaped gland located in the…
Carbohydrates
Chapter 26 Carbohydrates David B. Sacks, M.B., Ch.B., F.R.C.Path.* Carbohydrates, including sugars and starches, are widely distributed in plants and animals. They perform multiple functions, ranging from being structural components…
Cardiac Function
Chapter 47 Cardiac Function Fred S. Apple, Ph.D., Jens Peter Goetze, M.D., D.M.Sc. and Allan S. Jaffe, M.D. Although the heart is an efficient and durable pump, a variety of…
Liver Disease
Chapter 50 Liver Disease D. Robert Dufour, M.D., F.C.A.P., F.A.C.B.* The liver has a central and critical biochemical role in the (1) metabolism, (2) digestion, (3) detoxification, and (4) elimination…
