Containers
Minimal temperature °C Maximal temperature °C Long time Short time Long time HDPE −50 90/120 70/80 LDPE −50 80/90 60/75 PET −20 80 65 PP 0/−30 140 100 COC…
Basic Operations
Fig. 29.1 Schematic representation of accuracy and precision. (a) High accuracy and high precision, good balance in repeatability; (b) High accuracy and low precision, measured values are wide-spread; (c) Low…
Parenteral
Fig. 13.1 The most frequently used parenteral administration routes. Source: Recepteerkunde 2009, ©KNMP Intravenous Subcutaneous Intracutaneous Intramuscular Intravenous injections are injected into the vein, so in the direction of the…
Biopharmaceutics
Fig. 16.1 Blood concentration (log-scale) versus time curve of an orally administered medicine It is the major objective of any medicinal product to yield blood levels of the active substance…
Quality Risk Management
Fig. 21.1 Elements of the risk management process and companion activities or topics This structured approach helps to substantiate considerations and decisions. It eases documentation, and thus may help to…
Rectal and Vaginal
Fig. 11.1 Rectal dosage forms for systemic action: biopharmaceutical considerations In contrast, very little is known about the biopharmaceutics of vaginal dosage forms. The vagina has good absorbing properties, but…
Prescription Assessment
Fig. 2.1 Request form for a non-catalogue extemporaneous product This process creates an appropriate barrier to pharmacists who might otherwise decide to authorise ad hoc or unusual formulations without considering…
Instructions for the Use of Medicines
Fig. 37.1 Standardised label for Lugol’s Solution FGP (From Formulário Galénico Português with permission) The legal rules for specific labelling for ambulant patients in most countries do not apply to…
Aseptic Handling
Simple activities Drawing an injection liquid from a vial or ampoule* into a syringe Dissolving a powder for injection and drawing it into a syringe Injecting a few injections into…
