Neuromuscular Diseases
Neuromuscular Diseases Kevin E. Bove, M.D. Lili Miles, M.D. NORMAL MUSCLE DEVELOPMENT Detailed reviews of skeletal muscle development provide a basis for understanding early events in myogenesis (1,2). In the…
The Pineal, Pituitary, Parathyroid, Thyroid, and Adrenal Glands
The Pineal, Pituitary, Parathyroid, Thyroid, and Adrenal Glands M. John Hicks, M.D., D.D.S., M.S., Ph.D. Nicole Cipriani, M.D. Peter Pytel, M.D. Hiroyuki Shimada, M.D., Ph.D., F.R.C.P.A. PINEAL GLAND Anatomy and…
Oral, Maxillofacial, Head and Neck Pathology in Pediatrics
Oral, Maxillofacial, Head and Neck Pathology in Pediatrics M. John Hicks, M.D., D.D.S., M.S., Ph.D. INTRODUCTION The oral and maxillofacial and head and neck region is composed of vastly different…
The Lymph Nodes, Spleen, and Thymus
The Lymph Nodes, Spleen, and Thymus Kamran M. Mirza, M.D., Ph.D. Choladda V. Curry, M.D. Andrea N. Marcogliese, M.D. LYMPH NODES The lymph node is a remarkable structure that serves…
The Bone Marrow
The Bone Marrow Xiangdong Xu, M.D., Ph.D. Anjum Hassan, M.D. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common malignancy in children and classically presents with pancytopenia, bleeding, and signs of…
The Gastrointestinal Tract
The Gastrointestinal Tract Pierre A. Russo, M.D. EMBRYOLOGY The gastrointestinal tract forms during the 4th week as the cephalocaudal and lateral folds of the trilaminar germ disk develop and incorporate…
The Female Reproductive System
The Female Reproductive System Michael K. Fritsch, M.D., Ph.D. Mariana M. Cajaiba, M.D. Abnormalities confined to the genital tract are quite unusual in prepubertal girls, and such disorders seldom come…
The Pancreas
The Pancreas Mariko Suchi, M.D., Ph.D. ORGANOGENESIS AND EXOCRINE HISTOGENESIS During week 4 of gestation, the ventral foregut gives rise to two pancreatic buds at the junction of the hepatic…
