Figure 8.1 Model of a biological membrane showing the different compositions of the interior and exterior sides. Glycolipids are seen on the outside, while phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylinositol predominate on the cytosolic…
Figure 12.1 Drug/human factors and dosage form factors in adverse events following medication administration. Modified from Uchegbu IF, Florence AT. Adverse drug events related to dosage forms and delivery systems. Drug…
Figure 14.1 Nanosystems that exist in nature (not to scale). Left to right: an insulin hexamer (3.5 × 5 nm), a low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particle (28 nm) and a parvovirus (20–25 nm). LDL…
Figure 10.1 The matrix of drivers for special formulations. 10.2 Paediatric medication Children are far from being a homogeneous group. They range from: preterm newborn infants (premature: average weight <3.4 kg) full-term…
Key point The search for true bioequivalence is important. Given the variability of human drug response, to which we have referred several times, it is even more important that the product…
15 Physical assessment of dosage forms It is important to have means of studying the key characteristics of quality of formulations during development and for quality control purposes during production…
5 Surfactants Certain compounds, because of their chemical structure, have a tendency to accumulate at the boundary between two phases. Such compounds are termed amphiphiles, surface-active agents or surfactants. Their…
B. Classification of Afferent Nerve Fibers 1. Nerve fibers are called afferent if they transmit impulses from peripheral receptors to the central nervous system (CNS) and efferent if they transmit impulses from…
1. Recognition that replacing a hydrogen atom with a fluorine atom decreased flammability led to the introduction, in 1951, of the first halogenated hydrocarbon anesthetic, fluroxene. 2. Halothane was synthesized in 1951…
