Basicmedical Key

KEY CONCEPTS   Breast cancer is usually diagnosed in the early stages when it is a highly curable malignancy.   Local therapy of early-stage breast cancer consists of modified radical…

KEY CONCEPTS   Millions of Americans have osteoarthritis (OA). OA prevalence increases with age, with women more commonly affected than men.   Contributors to OA are systemic (age, genetics, hormonal…

KEY CONCEPTS   Patients with Hodgkin lymphoma present with a painless, rubbery lymph node, which most commonly resides in the neck (cervical or supraclavicular nodes).   Patients with early stage…

Diabetes Mellitus Curtis L. Triplitt, Thomas Repas, and Carlos A. Alvarez   KEY CONCEPTS   Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic disorders of fat, carbohydrate, and protein metabolism…

Viral Hepatitis Paulina Deming   KEY CONCEPTS   Hepatitis A is transmitted via the fecal–oral route. Transmission is most likely to occur through travel to countries with high rates of…

Gout and Hyperuricemia Michelle A. Fravel, Michael E. Ernst, and Elizabeth C. Clark   KEY CONCEPTS   In the absence of a history of gout, asymptomatic hyperuricemia may not require…

Assessment of Nutrition Status and Nutrition Requirements Katherine Hammond Chessman and Vanessa J. Kumpf   KEY CONCEPTS   Malnutrition is a consequence of nutrient imbalance, overnutrition or undernutrition, and has…

Schizophrenia M. Lynn Crismon, Tami R. Argo, and Peter F. Buckley   KEY CONCEPTS   Although multiple neurotransmitter dysfunctions are involved in schizophrenia, the etiology is more likely mediated by…

Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Rebecca L. Attridge, Rebecca Moote, and Deborah J. Levine   KEY CONCEPTS   Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is defined as a mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) ≥25…

Acute Kidney Injury William Dager and Jenana Halilovic   KEY CONCEPTS   Three classification systems exist for staging severity of acute kidney injury (AKI): (a) Risk, Injury, Failure, Loss of…