Peripheral Arterial Disease
Figure 93-1. A–C: Examples of digital ischemic ulcerations resulting from progressive arterial insufficiency. Figure 93-2. Long-segment total occlusion of superficial femoral artery in a patient with a long history of…
Valvular Heart Disease and Cardiac Tumors
Figure 82-1. Schematic diagram of the fibrous cardiac skeleton. Two papillary muscles arise directly from the ventricular wall: the anterolateral and posteromedial papillary muscles. Importantly, the anterolateral papillary muscle usually…
Pituitary Surgery
Figure 78-1. A: Sagittal view. B: Coronal view. ICA, internal carotid artery; CN, cranial nerve. PATHOLOGY OF SELLAR LESIONS Pituitary Adenomas 2, 3 Pituitary adenomas are the most common tumors…
Congenital Heart Disease
Figure 81-1. The anatomy of atrial septal defects. In the sinus venosus type (A), the right upper and middle pulmonary veins frequently drain to the superior vena cava or right…
Acute Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage
CLINICAL PRESENTATION 3 The presentation of GI bleeding can range from mild asymptomatic bleeding to overt GI bleeding. UGI bleeding typically presents with hematemesis (the vomiting of blood) or melena,…
Ischemic Heart Disease
Figure 83-1. Anatomy of the cardiac circulation. A: Anterior view. B: Posterior view. Venous anatomy is more predictable, and very little pathology within this system is encountered. Three named venous…
Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms and Aortic Dissection
Figure 85-1. Normal anatomic aortic segments. The aortic root extends from the aortic annulus to the sinotubular junction. The aortic root is the largest diameter section of the aorta when…
Head Trauma
Figure 21-1. Cerebral pressure autoregulation. The normal relationship is indicated by the solid line with autoregulatory breakpoints at 50 and 150 mm Hg. Two disrupted states are also diagrammed. Complete…
Gastric Anatomy and Physiology
Figure 44-1. Topographic relations of the stomach. As a first approximation, the lymphatic drainage of the stomach parallels gastric venous return (Fig. 44-3). Lymph from the proximal portion of the…
Ulcerative Colitis
Figure 66-1. Age-specific incidence of UC in Midwestern US population. (Adapted from Loftus CG, Loftus EV Jr, Harmsen WS, et al. Update on the incidence and prevalence of Crohn’s disease…
