Upper Extremity Arterial Disease
Figure 90-1. Manifestations of upper extremity ischemia. Splinter hemorraghes in the nails arising from a proximal embolic source (A). Gangrene affecting the tip of the third finger (B). Advanced, severe…
Inflammation
Figure 7-1. Leukocyte recruitment. 1. Circulating leukocytes express integrins in a low-affinity conformation. 2. Exposure to activated endothelium leads to rolling, which is mediated by L-selectin and P-selectin on the…
Gastric Neoplasms
Figure 47-1. Worldwide geographic variability in gastric cancer incidence. (From Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, Ervik M, et al. GLOBOCAN 2012 v1.0, Cancer Incidence and Mortality Worldwide: IARC CancerBase No. 11…
Critical Care
Bundles The process of bundling evidence-based care practices allows ICUs to keep up with regulatory changes and practice the most up to date critical care practices. Unlike checklists, ICU care…
Aortoiliac Disease
Figure 92-1. A,B: Major visceral and parietal collateral networks that may become prominent with aortoiliac occlusive disease. Figure 92-2. CTA with 3D reconstruction demonstrating severe aortoiliac occlusive disease with juxtarenal…
Calculous Biliary Disease
Enterohepatic Circulation Bile acids travel in the bile through the liver, biliary tree, intestines, and the portal venous circulation to return to the liver, thereby recovering 95% of bile acids,…
Wound Healing
Figure 5-1. Four phases of wound healing: plotted against “Time” on the X axis, the four phases shown in different colors occur sequentially, and overlap. Overall the total time period…
Biliary Injuries and Strictures and Sclerosing Cholangitis
A number of factors are associated with bile duct injury during either open or laparoscopic cholecystectomy, including acute or chronic inflammation, inadequate exposure, patient obesity, and failure to identify structures…
Thoracoabdominal Aortic Aneurysms
Figure 95-1. Thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm: comparison of survival rates in untreated patients versus surgically treated patients. Many TAAAs result from chronic ascending and descending aortic dissections. Familial clustering of aortic…
Biliary Neoplasms
Figure 63-1. Unresectable gallbladder cancer demonstrating palliative transhepatic percutaneous stent placed to relieve jaundice. Porcelain gallbladder is present (arrows). Pathology and Staging More than 80% of gallbladder cancers are adenocarcinomas;…
