Immunology
6 Immunology William Egner, Ravishankar Sargur THE IMMUNE RESPONSE Immunity is defined as resistance to disease. At its most basic level this consists of a physical barrier (the mucosal surfaces…
Haemopoietic and lymphoreticular system
10 Haemopoietic and lymphoreticular system Andrew T. Raftery HAEMOPOIESIS Haemopoiesis is the production of blood cells. In the fetus, blood is formed in the bone marrow, spleen and liver. At…
Basic microbiology
7 Basic microbiology Andrew T. Raftery SURGICALLY IMPORTANTMICRO-ORGANISMS This section will concentrate only on those micro-organisms which cause surgical problems. Microbes may be divided into: • conventional pathogens, i.e. those…
Thrombosis, embolism and infarction
3 Thrombosis, embolism and infarction Ken Callum THROMBOSIS A thrombus is defined as a solid mass formed in the living circulation from the components of the streaming blood. This serves…
Cellular injury
1 Cellular injury Julian L. Burton All mammalian cells strive to survive against a hostile fluctuating environment by expending energy to maintain a tightly regulated internal and local external environment….
Neurosurgery
Chapter 21 Neurosurgery Sarah J. Krizman Germanovich Neurosurgery is a very diverse, complex, and challenging specialty. Brain surgery is performed for head injury, tumors, vascular disorders, hydrocephalus, epilepsy, and Parkinson disease….
Surgical Modalities
Chapter 8 Surgical Modalities Kay A. Ball Surgery continues to evolve as less-invasive procedures and instrumentation are adopted. Modalities have been developed that enhance and advance surgical procedures. This chapter provides…
Reconstructive and Aesthetic Plastic Surgery
Chapter 22 Reconstructive and Aesthetic Plastic Surgery Theresa Fink and Robert M. Blumm Derived from the Greek word plastikos, which means to mold or give form, plastic surgery is a medical…
