CHAPTER 46 Insulin Function CHAPTER OUTLINE Introduction The Insulin Receptor and Signaling Functional Insulin Synthesis Glucose-Stimulated Insulin Secretion Nutrient Intake and Hormonal Control of Insulin Release Intestinal Wnt Signaling, GLP-1,…
CHAPTER 10 Carbohydrates: Glycolysis and Glucose Homeostasis CHAPTER OUTLINE Importance of Glycolysis Digestion and Uptake of Dietary Carbohydrate Glucose Uptake and the Role of Sugar Transporters The Pathway of Glycolysis…
CHAPTER 14 Carbohydrates: Glycogen Metabolism CHAPTER OUTLINE Glycogen Composition Glycogen Synthesis (Glycogenesis) Regulation of Glycogen Synthesis Glycogenolysis Regulation of Glycogenolysis Glycogen Storage Diseases High-Yield Terms Glycosidic linkage: covalent bond that…
CHAPTER 21 Lipids: Sphingolipids, Ceramides, and Glycosphingolipids CHAPTER OUTLINE Synthesis of Sphingosine and the Ceramides Sphingomyelin Synthesis Metabolism of the Sphingomyelins Metabolism of the Ceramides Ceramides and Insulin Resistance Metabolism…
CHAPTER 33 Nitrogen: Heme Metabolism CHAPTER OUTLINE Porphyrins and Heme Synthesis of Porphyrins and Heme Regulation of Heme Biosynthesis Heme Catabolism Abnormalities in Heme Metabolism High-Yield Terms Porphyrin: a group…
CHAPTER 49 Peptide Hormones CHAPTER OUTLINE Basics of Peptide Hormone Structure and Function Receptors for Peptide Hormones The Hypothalamic-Pituitary Axis Vasopressin and Oxytocin The Gonadotropins FSH and LH hCG Thyroid-Stimulating…
CHAPTER 2 Biological Building Blocks: Carbohydrates CHAPTER OUTLINE Carbohydrate Structure and Nomenclature Monosaccharides Disaccharides Polysaccharides Glycogen Starch Carbohydrates in Complex Structures High-Yield Terms Carbohydrate: any organic molecule composed exclusively of carbon,…
CHAPTER 7 Biological Membranes and Membrane Transport CHAPTER OUTLINE Composition and Structure of Biological Membranes Activities of Biological Membranes Membrane Channels Membrane Transporters The Na+/K+-ATPases The ABC Family of Transporters The…
CHAPTER 31 Nitrogen: Amino Acid–Derived Biomolecules CHAPTER OUTLINE Nitric Oxide Synthesis and Function Tyrosine-Derived Neurotransmitters Tryptophan-Derived Neurotransmitters GABA: Inhibitory Neurotransmitter Creatine and Creatinine Biosynthesis Glutathione Functions Polyamine Biosynthesis High-Yield Terms…
CHAPTER 26 Lipids: Cholesterol Metabolism CHAPTER OUTLINE Cholesterol: Physiologically and Clinically Significant Lipid Cholesterol Biosynthesis Critical Enzymes Origin of Carbon Atoms in Cholesterol Reactions of Cholesterol Synthesis Regulation of Cholesterol…
