Basicmedical Key

Fig. 13.1 The most frequently used parenteral administration routes. Source: Recepteerkunde 2009, ©KNMP Intravenous Subcutaneous Intracutaneous Intramuscular Intravenous injections are injected into the vein, so in the direction of the…

Fig. 16.1 Blood concentration (log-scale) versus time curve of an orally administered medicine It is the major objective of any medicinal product to yield blood levels of the active substance…

Fig. 21.1 Elements of the risk management process and companion activities or topics This structured approach helps to substantiate considerations and decisions. It eases documentation, and thus may help to…

Fig. 11.1 Rectal dosage forms for systemic action: biopharmaceutical considerations In contrast, very little is known about the biopharmaceutics of vaginal dosage forms. The vagina has good absorbing properties, but…

Fig. 2.1 Request form for a non-catalogue extemporaneous product This process creates an appropriate barrier to pharmacists who might otherwise decide to authorise ad hoc or unusual formulations without considering…

Fig. 37.1 Standardised label for Lugol’s Solution FGP (From Formulário Galénico Português with permission) The legal rules for specific labelling for ambulant patients in most countries do not apply to…

Simple activities  Drawing an injection liquid from a vial or ampoule* into a syringe  Dissolving a powder for injection and drawing it into a syringe  Injecting a few injections into…

Fig. 35.1 Deming’s circle or PDCA-cycle for quality improvement The Deming cycle entails: make a plan for an improvement, do it, check whether the desired result is obtained, and act…

Location Route of administration Conjunctiva     External Cornea     External Internal eye Intravitreal   Subconjunctival External Intracameral Eyelids     External Orbita  Oral Parenteral Retrobulbar  Retina Intravitreal Oral Parenteral   Lachrymal apparatus  Oral Parenteral  External Eye…

Fig. 17.1 Processes that determine bioavailability at extravascular administration routes Release of the active substance from the dosage form facilitated by disintegration or dissolution or both (= pharmaceutical availability) Pre…