Oxidation of Fatty Acids and Ketone Bodies
30 Oxidation of Fatty Acids and Ketone Bodies Fatty acids are a major fuel for humans and supply our energy needs between meals and during periods of increased demand, such…
The Molecular Biology of Cancer
17 The Molecular Biology of Cancer The term cancer applies to a group of diseases in which cells grow abnormally and form a malignant tumor. Malignant cells can invade nearby…
Regulation of Gene Expression
15 Regulation of Gene Expression Gene expression, the generation of a protein or RNA product from a particular gene, is controlled by complex mechanisms. Normally, only a fraction of the…
Oxidative Phosphorylation and Mitochondrial Function
24 Oxidative Phosphorylation and Mitochondrial Function Energy from fuel oxidation is converted to the high-energy phosphate bonds of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) by the process of oxidative phosphorylation. Most of the…
Generation of Adenosine Triphosphate from Glucose, Fructose, and Galactose: Glycolysis
22 Generation of Adenosine Triphosphate from Glucose, Fructose, and Galactose: Glycolysis Glucose is the universal fuel for human cells. Every cell type in the human is able to generate adenosine…
Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle
23 Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle The tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA cycle) accounts for more than two-thirds of the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) generated from fuel oxidation. The pathways for oxidation of fatty…
The Biochemistry of Erythrocytes and Other Blood Cells
42 The Biochemistry of Erythrocytes and Other Blood Cells The cells of the blood are classified as erythrocytes, leukocytes, or thrombocytes. The erythrocytes (red cells) carry oxygen to the tissues…
Intertissue Relationships in the Metabolism of Amino Acids
40 Intertissue Relationships in the Metabolism of Amino Acids The body maintains a relatively large free amino acid pool in the blood, even during fasting. As a result, tissues have…
Structure of the Nucleic Acids
11 Structure of the Nucleic Acids Nucleotides in DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid). Nucleotides are the monomeric units of the nucleic acids, DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic…
Regulation of Enzymes
9 Regulation of Enzymes In the human body, thousands of diverse enzymes are regulated to fulfill their individual functions without waste of dietary components. Thus, with changes in our physiologic…
