Solutions and mixtures: Nonelectrolytes
Solutions and mixtures: Nonelectrolytes PREVIEW OF IMPORTANT CONCEPTS A mixture is a combination of two or more substances in any proportion. In a solution, the solvent is clearly defined because…
Reaction dynamics II: Catalysis, photochemistry and charge transfer
Reaction dynamics II: Catalysis, photochemistry and charge transfer PREVIEW OF IMPORTANT CONCEPTS Catalysis is used in 90% of all industrially relevant chemical processes. Unless the products are high-value-added chemicals such…
Introduction to spectroscopy and atomic spectroscopy
Introduction to spectroscopy and atomic spectroscopy PREVIEW OF IMPORTANT CONCEPTS Each state has an energy and any two states can combine to give rise to a spectral line in either…
Reaction dynamics I: Mechanisms and rates
Reaction dynamics I: Mechanisms and rates PREVIEW OF IMPORTANT CONCEPTS The collision rate of reactants is an upper limit to the reaction rate in thermal chemistry. The reaction rate is…
Chemical equilibrium
Chemical equilibrium PREVIEW OF IMPORTANT CONCEPTS Any system held at constant temperature and constant volume will evolve until its Helmholtz energy is a minimum. Any system held at constant temperature…
Molecular bonding and structure
Molecular bonding and structure PREVIEW OF IMPORTANT CONCEPTS The Hamiltonian of a molecule is obtained by adding the potential energy to the kinetic energy. Contributions are made by both the…
Molecular spectroscopy and excited-state dynamics: Diatomics
Molecular spectroscopy and excited-state dynamics: Diatomics PREVIEW OF IMPORTANT CONCEPTS Molecules undergo transitions that correspond to changing the rotational state; rotational and vibrational state; or rotational, vibrational and electronic state….
First law of thermodynamics
First law of thermodynamics PREVIEW OF IMPORTANT CONCEPTS The internal energy of a system is the sum of all kinetic and potential energies of the components of the system. It…
Atomic structure
Atomic structure PREVIEW OF IMPORTANT CONCEPTS The Schrödinger equation can be solved exactly for the simple hydrogen atom and hydrogenic ions. For the H atom, solutions to the Schrödinger equation…
Polyatomic molecules and group theory
Polyatomic molecules and group theory PREVIEW OF IMPORTANT CONCEPTS Molecules can be classified by the set of symmetry operations that are preserved when they operate on the molecule. These classifications…
