Engineering the Next-Generation PET Detectors
[2]. A PET camera detects many of these 511 keV photon pairs in coincidence. These pairs are then assigned to lines of response (LOR) which are used in the image…
Engineering Multivalent and Multispecific Protein Therapeutics
Fig. 14.1 Targeting strategies for multivalent and multispecific proteins. Circles and squares represent individual binding sites that can be either identical (monospecific) or different (bispecific). Ligand can simultaneously bind: a two…
Stem Cells: The Holy Grail of Regenerative Medicine
Fig. 2.1 Classification of stem cells: Depending upon the differentiation potential into different lineages, stem cells are categorized as totipotent, pluripotent, multipotent, oligopotent, and unipotent 1. Totipotent: A single cell capable…
Engineering Aspects of Bioluminescence Resonance Energy Transfer Systems
Fig. 10.1 Jablonski diagram to illustrate the electronic changes occurring in the donor and acceptor molecules during a BRET process. The donor (D) molecule is normally in its ground state energy…
Activation Approaches on Delivery of Imaging and Therapeutic Agents
Linkers Chemical structures Therapeutic agents References Acetal Diethylstilboestrol [63] Doxorubicin [64] Ester Bortezomib [65] Doxorubicin [66] Hydrazone Cisplatin [51] Doxorubicin [49, 50, 52] Geldanamycin [67] Gemcitabine [68]…
Engineering Upconversion Nanoparticles for Biomedical Imaging and Therapy
Fig. 22.1 a TEM image of ~8 nm-sized β-NaLuF4:Gd/Yb/Tm. b In vivo imaging of a black mouse after subcutaneous injection of citric acid-modified sub-10 nm-sized β-NaLuF4:Gd3+/Yb3+/Tm3+ and citric acid-modified β-NaYF4:Yb/Tm when detected from…
Plasmonic Nanobubbles for Cancer Theranostics
Fig. 32.1 Plasmonic bubble generation and detection: a cluster of gold nanoparticles in target cell, b laser pulse (green) nucleates the vapor bubble, c bubble expands and scatters a probe laser…
Cell-based Microfluidic Assays in Translational Medicine
Fig. 33.1 A famous example of neutrophil chemotaxis and phagocytosis. The neutrophil is seen migrating toward a bacterium as it secretes some kind of unknown chemoattractant (e.g., N-formyl peptides like fMLP)….
Photoacoustic Imaging: Development of Imaging Systems and Molecular Agents
, here D T is the thermal diffusivity of the tissue (a constant with a typical value for most tissues of ~1.4 × 10−3 cm2/s) and t p is the laser pulse duration….
Engineering of Photomanipulatable Hydrogels for Translational Medicine
Fig. 34.1 Structure of photopolymerizable macromolecular precursors: a PEG acrylate derivatives, b polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) derivatives, c dextran methacrylate, and d hyaluronic acid derivatives 34.2.2 Photoclick Reactions for Fast Crosslinking or…
