Fig. 18.1 Major drugs of abuse targets for immunopharmacotherapy 18.1 Drug Target Consideration for Hapten Design Many of the principles of hapten design are generally applicable to any target drug…

Fig. 19.1 Therapeutic vaccines for drug addiction elicit an adaptive immune response against drugs of abuse. The composition of the vaccine is critical for recognition by antigen-presenting cells (APC) and…

Fig. 12.1 Overall structural of the [BChE]4-PRAD complex derived from MD simulation (Pan et al. 2009). The ribbons in color red, green, orange, and yellow represent chains a, b, c,…

Vaccines Vaccine type Serum IgG Mucosal IgG Mucosal IgA T cells Hepatitis A Killed ++    Japanese encephalitis Killed ++    Polio Salk Killed ++ +   Rabies Killed ++    Influenza Killed, subunit…

Fig. 20.1 Metabolites of heroin and half-lives in plasma that need to be considered in the design of heroin vaccines Fig. 20.2 Clinically used opiates that are related to heroin….

Fig. 4.1 Morphine structure. C3, C6, and the bridgehead nitrogen are the most common sites of linker (R1, R2, R3) attachment for the synthesis of haptens used in heroin/morphine vaccines….

Fig. 10.1 (a) Molecular structure of cocaine in which the arrow points to the ester bond to be broken during butyrylcholinesterase-catalyzed hydrolysis of cocaine. (b) CocE-cocaine binding structure modeled by…

Can decrease or block METH exposure in the brain Can be combined with behavioral therapy and other medications to:  Increase patient “willpower” to quit abusing METH  Aid in the initiation…

Vaccine Biotechnology company Pharmaceutical codevelopment partner Development stage attained Development status TA-NIC Celtic (formerly Xenova) − Phase II Halted NicQβ Cytos Biotechnology Novartis Phase IIb Halted NicVAX Nabi Biopharmaceuticals GlaxoSmithKline…

Fig. 15.1 Representative DNA nanostructures. (a) Representative DNA double crossover, known as DAE (double crossover in antiparallel with even number of helical half turns between crossovers) (Lin et al. 2009;…