Superconductors
A. OVERVIEW Superconductors are materials that offer no resistance to the passage of an electric current. The significance of this phenomenon is profound. Without electrical resistance, a current will continue…
BIOCHEMISTRY
Materials in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
A. BACKGROUND AND MOTIVATION The purpose of this chapter is to summarize the connections that exist between topics discussed earlier in the book and the rapidly expanding field of nanoscience….
9 Enzymes and Enzyme Kinetics
CHAPTER 9 Enzymes and Enzyme Kinetics CHAPTER OUTLINE Enzyme Classifications Role of Coenzymes Enzyme Relative to Substrate Type Enzyme-Substrate Interactions Chemical Reactions and Rates Chemical Reaction Order Enzymes as Biological Catalysts…
30 Nitrogen: Amino Acid Metabolism
CHAPTER 30 Nitrogen: Amino Acid Metabolism CHAPTER OUTLINE Amino Acid Uptake Metabolic Classifications of Amino Acids Glutamate and Glutamine Metabolism Aspartate and Asparagine Metabolism Alanine and the Glucose-Alanine Cycle Cysteine…
35 Chromatin: DNA Structure and Replication
CHAPTER 35 Chromatin: DNA Structure and Replication CHAPTER OUTLINE DNA Structure Thermal Properties of DNA Chromatin Structure Histone Modifications and Chromatin Structure Eukaryotic Cell Cycles Checkpoints and Cell Cycle Regulation…
38 Glycoproteins
CHAPTER 38 Glycoproteins CHAPTER OUTLINE Glycoproteins Nucleotide Sugar Biosynthesis Mechanism of N-Glycosylation O–Glycosylation and Mucin-Type O-Glycans O-Mannosylation Hexosamine Biosynthesis Pathway O-GlcNAcylation and Glucose Homeostasis Lysosomal Targeting of Enzymes Glycosylphosphatidylinositol-Anchored Proteins…
32 Nitrogen: Nucleotide Metabolism
CHAPTER 32 Nitrogen: Nucleotide Metabolism CHAPTER OUTLINE Nucleotide Metabolism Purine Nucleotide Biosynthesis Regulation of Purine Nucleotide Synthesis Catabolism and Salvage of Purine Nucleotides Disorders of Purine Metabolism Pyrimidine Nucleotide Biosynthesis…
39 Extracellular Matrix: Glycosaminoglycans and Proteoglycans
CHAPTER 39 Extracellular Matrix: Glycosaminoglycans and Proteoglycans CHAPTER OUTLINE The Extracellular Matrix Collagens Elastin and Fibrillin Fibronectin Laminin Glycosaminoglycans Proteoglycans Glycosaminoglycan Degradation High-Yield Terms Basement membrane: a thin sheet of…
36 Transcription: RNA Synthesis, Processing, and Regulation
CHAPTER 36 Transcription: RNA Synthesis, Processing, and Regulation CHAPTER OUTLINE Classes of RNA and RNA Polymerases RNA Transcription Processing of RNAs Splicing of RNAs Alternative Splicing RNA Editing Catalytically Active…
37 Translation: Protein Synthesis and Modification
CHAPTER 37 Translation: Protein Synthesis and Modification CHAPTER OUTLINE Determination of the Genetic Code Characteristics of tRNAs Amino Acid Activation Translation Initiation Regulation of Translation Initiation: The eIF-2α Kinases Regulation…
