Geriatric Considerations
http://evolve.elsevier.com/McCuistion/pharmacology By 2033, persons over the age of 65 will outnumber those under the age of 18 in the United States. There are expected to be over 98 million older…
Anti-Cancer Drugs for the Nonspecialist
Phase nonspecificPOBone marrow suppressionPlatinum CompoundsCarboplatinGeneric onlyPhase nonspecificIVBone marrow suppressionCisplatinGeneric onlyPhase nonspecificIVNephrotoxicityOxaliplatinEloxatinPhase nonspecificIVPeripheral neuropathyANTIMETABOLITESFolic Acid AnalogsMethotrexateRheumatrex, TrexallS-phase specificIV, IM, PO, ITBone marrow suppression, mucositisPemetrexedAlimtaS-phase specificIVBone marrow suppressionPralatrexateFolotynS-phase specificIVBone marrow suppression, mucositisPyrimidine…
Antidysrhythmic Drugs
Figure 41.1 Cardiac conduction pathways. SA Node Under normal circumstances, the SA node serves as the pacemaker for the heart. Pacemaker activity results from spontaneous phase 4 depolarization (see later). Because…
Drugs for Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Figure 60.1 Allergen-induced inflammation and bronchospasm in asthma. Pathophysiology of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Symptoms of COPD result largely from two pathologic processes: chronic bronchitis and emphysema. In most cases, both…
Drugs Acting on the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System
Figure 36.1 Regulation of blood pressure by the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. In addition to the mechanisms depicted, angiotensin II can raise blood pressure by (1) acting on the distal nephron to promote reabsorption…
Drugs for Diabetes Mellitus
Insulin Preparations Insulin lispro (short duration, rapid acting) Regular insulin (short duration, slower acting) NPH insulin (intermediate duration) Insulin glargine (long duration) Biguanide Metformin Sulfonylurea Glyburide Meglitinide (Glinide) Repaglinide Thiazolidinedione…
Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, and Drug Interactions
Figure 4.1 The four basic pharmacokinetic processes. Dotted lines represent membranes that must be crossed as drugs move throughout the body. Application of Pharmacokinetics in Pharmacotherapeutics By applying knowledge of pharmacokinetics to…
Drugs for the Eye
Figure 84.1 Anatomy of the normal eye. Pathophysiology and Treatment Overview Patient Education Glaucoma • It is important to take the prescribed medications according to schedule. If days are skipped…
Antiviral Agents I
Advise patients to apply the drug with a finger cot or rubber glove to avoid viral transfer to other body sites or other people. Inform patients with herpes simplex genitalis…
Drugs Affecting Calcium Levels and Bone Mineralization
Figure 59.1 Bone remodeling cycle. A, Quiescent bone with lining cells covering the surface. B, Resorption of old bone by multinucleated osteoclasts. C, Osteoblasts migrate to the absorption site. D, Osteoblasts deposit…
