Antifungal Agents
] belongs to a drug class known as polyene antibiotics, so named because their structures contain a series of conjugated double bonds. Nystatin, another antifungal drug, is in the same…
Antipsychotic Agents and Their Use in Schizophrenia
Traditional Antipsychotics Chlorpromazine (a low-potency agent) Haloperidol (a high-potency agent) Atypical Antipsychotic Clozapine Three Types of Symptoms Symptoms of schizophrenia can be divided into three groups: positive symptoms, negative symptoms,…
Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors
First-Generation Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) Aspirin Ibuprofen Second-Generation NSAID (Selective Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitor) Celecoxib Drug That Lacks Antiinflammatory Actions Acetaminophen Aspirin Aspirin is a highly valuable and effective medication. The drug…
Antidepressants
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor Fluoxetine Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitor Venlafaxine Tricyclic Antidepressant Imipramine Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor Phenelzine Atypical Antidepressant Bupropion Drugs Used for Depression Drugs are the primary therapy for major…
Muscarinic Agonists and Antagonists
] embodies the properties that typify all muscarinic agonists and will serve as our prototype for the group. Mechanism of Action Bethanechol is a direct-acting muscarinic agonist. The drug binds…
Drugs for Bipolar Disorder
Lithium Carbamazepine Valproic acid Treatment of Bipolar Disorder Drug Therapy Types of Drugs Employed The American Psychiatric Association (APA) and the Veterans Administration both published treatment guidelines for bipolar disorder…
Drugs for Deficiency Anemias
Figure 45.1 Stages of red blood cell development. Development of RBCs requires the cooperative interaction of several factors: bone marrow must be healthy; erythropoietin (a stimulant of RBC maturation) must be…
Other Gastrointestinal Drugs
Figure 64.1 The emetic response: stimuli, pathways, and receptors. CTZ, chemoreceptor trigger zone. Several types of receptors are involved in the emetic response. Important among these are receptors for serotonin, glucocorticoids, substance…
Calcium Channel Blockers
Figure 37.1 Coupling of cardiac calcium channels with beta1-adrenergic receptors. In the heart, beta1 receptors are coupled to calcium channels. As a result, when cardiac beta1 receptors are activated, calcium influx is…
Drug Therapy of Gout
Black Box Warning: Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs NSAIDs may increase the risk for myocardial infarction, stroke, and other thromboembolic events. NSAIDs increase the risk for dangerous gastrointestinal adverse effects such as…
