Chronic inflammation – Chronic cholecystitis, cholelithiasis, chronic biliary infections Porcelain gallbladder Primary sclerosing cholangitis Gastrointestinal polyposis Clinical Issues • Most often occurs in India, Chile, Pakistan, and Ecuador Females more often affected…
Intraampullary: Arise in ampulla (lined by pancreatobiliary epithelium) Periampullary: Arise in duodenal surface of papilla (lined by intestinal epithelium) Clinical Issues • 5-year overall survival rate: 40% Determined by histologic type,…
Pancreatic Neuroendocrine TumorA well-circumscribed solid mass in the pancreas is typical of low-grade neuroendocrine tumors. Nested ArchitectureThe tumor cells show a nested pattern of growth. The individual tumor cells have…
Caused by mutations in SERPINA1 gene • Deficiency is characterized by emphysema and chronic liver disease Etiology/Pathogenesis • Mutations result in defective secretion of molecule, accumulation in hepatocytes, and decreased serum A1AT…
Diagnostic component is spindle or epithelioid smooth muscle cells Epithelioid smooth muscle cells are typically large, with round to oval nuclei, and eosinophilic to fibrillar or vacuolated cytoplasm • Features that…
INR is > 1.5, and there is no evidence of chronic liver disease • Corresponding pathologic terms: Massive/submassive necrosis, fulminant hepatitis Clinical Issues • Acetaminophen is most common cause of acute liver…
Chronic hepatitis – Persistent, often progressive inflammatory process characterized by lymphocytic inflammation of portal tracts with varying degrees of parenchymal inflammation, hepatocellular injury, and fibrosis Chronicity judged in several ways: Clinical,…
Includes neoplastic lesions previously classified as adenomas (both intestinal and pyloric types), papillary carcinoma in situ, papillomatosis Clinical Issues • Many patients asymptomatic, and ICPN discovered incidentally at cholecystectomy • Associated with…
2nd most common primary liver cancer after hepatocellular carcinoma Has been increasing around world, including USA Very prevalent in Asia, particularly in northeastern Thailand Equal frequency in men and women…
Mitoses > 20 in 10 HPF (based on count of at least 50 HPF; 1 HPF = 2 mm²), or Ki-67 labeling index > 20% based on at least 500…
