Oligomeganephronia Aleksandr Vasilyev, MD, PhD Key Facts Etiology/Pathogenesis Reduced nephron formation during development leads to nephron hypertrophy, secondary FSGS, and eventually ESRD Most cases sporadic, some related to mutations in…
Secondary Oxalosis Lynn D. Cornell, MD Key Facts Etiology/Pathogenesis Oxalate accumulation in kidney Enteric malabsorption (gastric bypass) Ingestion of oxalate-containing foods Pyridoxine deficiency Ingestion of ethylene glycol Clinical Issues Acute…
Primary Oxalosis Shane M. Meehan, MBBCh Key Facts Etiology/Pathogenesis Autosomal recessive mutations of AGT (PO1) or GR (PO2) genes Clinical Issues PO1: Hyperoxaluria (> 100 mg/d), increased urinary glycolate, renal…
Familial Juvenile Hyperuricemic Nephropathy Shane M. Meehan, MBBCh Key Facts Terminology Autosomal dominant tubulointerstitial disorder with chronic renal failure and hyperuricemia Etiology/Pathogenesis Mutations of uromodulin (UMOD) gene (on chromosome 16p12)…
Sjögren Syndrome Stephen M. Bonsib, MD Key Facts Terminology Progressive autoimmune disorder involving exocrine glands, particularly salivary and lacrimal glands May be primary or a component of other autoimmune disorders…
Antiviral Drug Nephrotoxicity Shane M. Meehan, MBBCh Key Facts Terminology Kidney dysfunction due to exposure to antiviral agents Etiology/Pathogenesis Direct tubular toxicity: Tenofovir, adefovir, acyclovir, cidofovir Tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN): Indinavir,…
Balkan Endemic Nephropathy Shane M. Meehan, MBBCh Key Facts Etiology/Pathogenesis Environmental toxin(s) Aristolochic acid (AA) suspected Clinical Issues Slowly progressive renal failure in 30-50 year olds Impaired concentrating ability and…
Cisplatin Nephrotoxicity Shane M. Meehan, MBBCh Key Facts Terminology Nephropathy due to direct toxicity of platinum compounds Etiology/Pathogenesis Cis-diachlorodiammineplatinum II is heavy metal and potent inhibitor of DNA synthesis Clinical…
Hepatorenal Syndrome/Bile Nephrosis Anthony Chang, MD Key Facts Etiology/Pathogenesis Elevated blood bilirubin leads to intratubular bile casts Direct toxicity to tubular epithelial cells by bilirubin and bile salts and subsequent…
Renal Artery Stenosis A. Brad Farris, III, MD Key Facts Etiology/Pathogenesis Renal artery stenosis from variety of potential causes results in ischemic atrophy Atherosclerosis with atheromatous plaques is one of…
