Black Box Warning: Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs NSAIDs may increase the risk for myocardial infarction, stroke, and other thromboembolic events. NSAIDs increase the risk for dangerous gastrointestinal adverse effects such as…
Figure 17.1 A model of neurotransmission in the healthy striatum and parkinsonian striatum. A, In the healthy striatum, dopamine (DA) released from neurons originating in the substantia nigra inhibits the firing of…
Isoniazid Rifampin Pyrazinamide Ethambutol TABLE 75.5 Antituberculosis Drugs: Routes and Major Adverse Effects Drug Route Major Adverse Effects FIRST-LINE DRUGS Isoniazid PO, IM Hepatotoxicity, peripheral neuritis Rifampin PO, IV Hepatotoxicity…
Figure 73.1 Structural relationships among sulfonamides, para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA), and folic acid. Individual sulfonamides vary greatly with respect to solubility in water. Older sulfonamides had low solubility; therefore they often crystallized…
Nicotine-Based Products Nicotine patch [NicoDerm] Nicotine gum [Nicorette] Nicotine lozenge [Nicorette Lozenge] Nicotine nasal spray [Nicotrol NS] Nicotine inhaler [Nicotrol Inhaler] Nicotine-Free Products Varenicline Bupropion Pharmacologic Aids to Smoking Cessation…
Figure 69.1 Inhibition of transpeptidase by penicillins. The bacterial cell wall is composed of long strands of a peptidoglycan polymer. As depicted, transpeptidase enzymes create cross-bridges between the peptidoglycan strands, giving the…
Figure 34.1 Distribution of blood in the circulatory system. A large percentage of the blood resides in the venous system. What Makes Blood Flow? Blood moves within vessels because the force that…
Figure 51.1 Physiology of penile erection. In the flaccid state, there is free outflow of venous blood and restricted inflow of arterial blood. During sexual arousal, cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) relaxes arterial…
Figure 42.1 Basic structure of plasma lipoproteins. Apolipoproteins All lipoproteins have one or more apolipoprotein molecules embedded in their shell (see Fig. 42.1). Apolipoproteins, which constitute the protein component of lipoproteins,…
Figure 79.1 Structure of the human immunodeficiency virus. Note that HIV has two single strands of RNA and that each strand is associated with a molecule of reverse transcriptase. gp41, glycoprotein 41;…
