May fill with bile sludge, stones, &/or pus  May affect entire liver or limited to 1 lobe, more commonly left Microscopic • Dilated ducts may show periductal fibrosis, acute and chronic…

 Lined by mucinous columnar epithelium with focal cuboidal, flattened, or papillary areas  May have gastric or intestinal metaplasia  Varying degrees of dysplasia may be present  Densely cellular ovarian-like stroma positive…

 Inability to excrete copper in bile leads to its accumulation in liver and other tissues Clinical Issues • Variable presentation  Acute liver failure, chronic liver disease with fibrosis/cirrhosis, neurologic/neuropsychiatric signs ±…

Portal TractA portal tract in an infant with nonsyndromic paucity of intrahepatic bile ducts shows arteries and veins but no bile ducts. The hepatocytes are compact and clustered. Centrilobular RegionThe…

 Elevated transaminases • Mainstay of treatment: Management of metabolic conditions Microscopic • Steatosis, predominantly macrovesicular • Lobular inflammation (lymphocytes and Kupffer cells predominates) • Ballooning • Both fat and ballooning are most prominent in zone…

 a.k.a. cholegranulomas or cholecystic granulomas Etiology/Pathogenesis • Usually preceded by rupture of Rokitansky-Aschoff sinus  Bile and lipid extruded into gallbladder wall, producing granulomatous reaction Clinical Issues • 4-9% of cholecystectomy specimens  Majority…

 Prevalence of 12% in autopsy studies and from 9-26% in surgical pathology studies • Usually asymptomatic and discovered incidentally at cholecystectomy  Clinical significance, if any, is unclear • Peak in 5th and…

 Mutations of ABCC8 or KCNJ11 genes encoding subunits of ATP-sensitive potassium channel in majority of cases  Mutations of GCK, GLUD1, HSD17B10 (SCHAD), SLC16A1, HNF1A, HNF4A, or UCP2 genes in minority…

 Most clinically significant infections are seen in setting of immunosuppression Etiology/Pathogenesis • Infection can be acquired before birth, at birth, or later in life  Following active infection, latent infection may persist…

 Poor sanitation, exposure to contaminated water  Sexual or fecal/oral transmission – Men having sex with men have higher incidence than general population • Liver abscess is most frequent complication of invasive amebiasis…