Range: 14-95 years • Predominantly female  F:M = 20:1 Macroscopic • 90% of mucinous cystic neoplasms arise in body or tail of pancreas • Usually solitary and large  Mean: 7-10 cm • Usually multiloculated…

 Minority of patients have associated lipase hypersecretion paraneoplastic syndrome Macroscopic • Solid, well-circumscribed, fleshy mass • Average 10 cm in diameter (range: 2-30 cm) Microscopic • Densely cellular with multiple architectural patterns, most…

 2 most common mutations (C282Y and H63D) account for vast majority of cases • Non- HFE- associated hereditary hemochromatosis occurs less commonly (5-10% of phenotypic cases) • Specific mechanism leading to iron…

 Estimated 3-4 million persons infected in United States Etiology/Pathogenesis • Common modes of transmission include blood transfusion, needle stick Clinical Issues • Presenting symptoms nonspecific (fatigue, anorexia, nausea)  Many patients asymptomatic • Liver…

 Type 1: Absolute insulin deficiency  Type 2: Insulin resistance and inadequate secretion Etiology/Pathogenesis • Unknown and multifactorial  Possible autoimmune causes  Some genetic causes  Diseases of exocrine pancreas Clinical Issues • Laboratory tests…

 Pseudopapillae formation • Intracytoplasmic eosinophilic hyaline globules, PASD(+) • Uniform round to oval nuclei with finely dispersed chromatin • Neoplastic cells often have nuclear grooves Ancillary Tests • Immunohistochemistry: Nuclear β-catenin, cytoplasmic CD10, loss…

 Immunosuppressed recipient cannot destroy donor cells Clinical Issues • Represents major hepatic complication after stem cell transplant • Common presenting signs are jaundice and hepatomegaly • Elevated serum alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin • Variably…

 Minority of cases progress to chronic hepatitis and rarely cirrhosis  Jaundice, high AST levels, and preexisting chronic liver disease are adverse prognostic factors Microscopic • Most medications produce inflammation-predominant pattern • Most…

 Cardiac abnormalities, particularly pulmonary stenosis  Skeletal abnormalities, particularly butterfly vertebrae  Ocular abnormalities, particularly posterior embryotoxon  Characteristic facies Etiology/Pathogenesis • Mutations in J AG1 gene, which encodes ligand for Notch receptor • Interaction…

 Portal vein thrombosis  Reduced portal flow velocity (stasis)  Vascular injury  Tumor thrombosis  Extrinsic compression by mass or fibrogenic lesions  Congenital vascular anomalies • Intrahepatic  Propagation of large portal vein thrombosis or…