BACTERIOLOGY STRUCTURE Rickettsiae are small coccobacilli (Figure 40–1) which measure no more than 0.3 to 0.5 μm. Although the Gram reaction is negative, rickettsiae take the usual bacterial stains poorly…
Microbes gain access from the environment Skin is a major protective barrier For the internal surfaces a viscous mucin secreted by goblet cells protects the epithelium lining of the respiratory…
FIGURE 1–1. Death rates for infectious disease in the United States in the 20th century. Note the steady decline in death rates related to the introduction of public health, immunization,…
FIGURE 43–1. Fungi system view. Localized disease (left) is caused by local trauma or the superficial invasion of flora resident on the oropharyngeal (thrush), gastrointestinal, or vaginal mucosa. Systemic disease…
BACTERIOLOGY Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an aerobic, motile, Gram-negative rod that is slimmer and more pale staining than members of the Enterobacteriaceae. Its most striking bacteriologic feature is the production of…
TABLE 20–2 Unconventional Virus (Prion) Diseasesa TABLE 20–3 Biologic and Physical Properties of Prions • Chronic progressive pathology without remission or recovery • No inflammatory response • No alteration in…
BACTERIOLOGY Chlamydia trachomatis are round cells between 0.3 and 1 μm in diameter depending on the stage in the replicative cycle (see below). Their envelope is of the Gram-negative type…
ACTINOMYCES BACTERIOLOGY Actinomyces are typically elongated Gram-positive rods that branch at acute angles (Figure 28-1). They are Gram-positive bacilli that grow slowly (4-10 days) under micro-aerophilic or strictly anaerobic conditions….
Antimalarial Quinolines Cinchona bark was used in Europe for the treatment of malaria beginning in the 1600s. Its active ingredient is a quinoline alkaloid called quinine. Synthesis of new quinolines…
FIGURE 7–1. Stages of poliovirus pathogenesis. The diagram illustrates multiple steps of poliovirus pathogenesis, starting from virus entry through oropharynx (fecal-oral transmission), virus multiplication at the site of entry (gut),…
