Reaction dynamics I: Mechanisms and rates
Reaction dynamics I: Mechanisms and rates PREVIEW OF IMPORTANT CONCEPTS The collision rate of reactants is an upper limit to the reaction rate in thermal chemistry. The reaction rate is…
Chemical equilibrium
Chemical equilibrium PREVIEW OF IMPORTANT CONCEPTS Any system held at constant temperature and constant volume will evolve until its Helmholtz energy is a minimum. Any system held at constant temperature…
Molecular bonding and structure
Molecular bonding and structure PREVIEW OF IMPORTANT CONCEPTS The Hamiltonian of a molecule is obtained by adding the potential energy to the kinetic energy. Contributions are made by both the…
Molecular spectroscopy and excited-state dynamics: Diatomics
Molecular spectroscopy and excited-state dynamics: Diatomics PREVIEW OF IMPORTANT CONCEPTS Molecules undergo transitions that correspond to changing the rotational state; rotational and vibrational state; or rotational, vibrational and electronic state….
First law of thermodynamics
First law of thermodynamics PREVIEW OF IMPORTANT CONCEPTS The internal energy of a system is the sum of all kinetic and potential energies of the components of the system. It…
Atomic structure
Atomic structure PREVIEW OF IMPORTANT CONCEPTS The Schrödinger equation can be solved exactly for the simple hydrogen atom and hydrogenic ions. For the H atom, solutions to the Schrödinger equation…
Polyatomic molecules and group theory
Polyatomic molecules and group theory PREVIEW OF IMPORTANT CONCEPTS Molecules can be classified by the set of symmetry operations that are preserved when they operate on the molecule. These classifications…
Developing quantum mechanical intuition
Developing quantum mechanical intuition PREVIEW OF IMPORTANT CONCEPTS Light is thought of classically as an electromagnetic wave. The quantum of the electromagnetic field is called the photon. It is neither…
Solutions of electrolytes
Solutions of electrolytes PREVIEW OF IMPORTANT CONCEPTS Electrolytes dissolve in a solvent to produce solvated ions capable of conducting electricity. Strong electrolytes dissolve almost completely into ions. Weak electrolytes remain…
Empirical chemical kinetics
Empirical chemical kinetics PREVIEW OF IMPORTANT CONCEPTS A rate law relates concentration to time in terms of the concentrations of the species involved in the reaction. The differential form describes…
