Defective precursor proliferation, e.g. iron deficiency, anaemia of chronic disorder, marrow aplasia or infiltration Defective precursor maturation, e.g. vitamin B12 or folate deficiency, myelodysplastic syndrome, toxins Increased rate of red…
Fig. 22.1 The actions of drugs used in the treatment of depression on CNS serotonergic and adrenergic functioning.The primary action of many drugs in current clinical use is to enhance…
enhanced glucose-dependent insulin secretion; incretins are probably responsible for about 60% of the insulin that is secreted in response to a meal, inhibition of glucagon release, prolonged gastric emptying, promotion…
Fig. 12.1 Some aspects of the early and late-phase responses in asthma.Crosslinking of the over-expressed IgE on mast cells of atopic individuals, and non-immunogenic stimuli in more severe non-atopic asthma,…
Fig. 43.1 Control mechanisms for the release of growth hormone, gonadotropins and prolactin from the anterior pituitary.For control of other hormones, see Ch. 41 (thyroid) and Ch. 44 (adrenocorticotropic hormones)….
Fig. 5.1 Aspects of inflammatory processes that contribute to coronary heart disease.Multifactorial processes contribute to coronary heart disease; endothelium is damaged and activated; platelets adhere and promote leucocyte infiltration and…
Blood pressure is maintained within fairly narrow limits due to modulation by a series of physiological reflexes that are triggered by both acute and chronic changes in blood pressure. There…
Fig. 45.1 Endocrine control of the menstrual cycle. FSH drives the developing ovarian follicle to convert androgens produced by its thecal cells into oestradiol (Fig. 44.2) within its granulosa cells….
Fig. 11.1 Platelets and platelet aggregation.Subendothelial macromolecules such as von Willebrand factor and collagen interact with glycoprotein receptors (GPVI and GPIb) on platelets, causing activation of platelets and upregulation of…
Fig. 56.1 Sales of thalidomide and the incidence of phocomelia.Thalidomide sales and phocomelia incidence are each expressed as a percentage of the reported maximum. The list of drugs known to…
