INTRODUCTION Inflammation and the immune system are closely intertwined. Inflammation is composed of a complex web of responses to tissue injury and infection, characterized by the classic signs of rubor…
Drug Toxicity Michael W. Conner, Catherine Dorian-Conner, Vishal S. Vaidya, Laura C. Green, and David E. Golan INTRODUCTION & CASE MECHANISMS OF DRUG TOXICITY On-Target Effects Off-Target Effects Idiosyncratic Toxicity…
INTRODUCTION Local anesthetics (LAs) are a class of locally applied chemicals, with similar molecular structures, that can disrupt nerve transmission, inhibit the perception of sensations (importantly, pain), blunt autonomic activity,…
INTRODUCTION Gout is a uniquely human disease. Most mammals possess uricase, an enzyme that metabolizes purine breakdown products into a freely water-soluble substance, allantoin. Humans, in contrast, excrete most purines…
INTRODUCTION Fungi are free-living microorganisms that exist as yeasts (single-cell, round fungi), molds (multicellular filamentous fungi), or a combination of the two (so-called dimorphic fungi). All fungi are eukaryotic organisms….
Pharmacology of Hematopoiesis and Immunomodulation Andrew J. Wagner, Ramy A. Arnaout, and George D. Demetri INTRODUCTION & CASE PHYSIOLOGY OF HEMATOPOIESIS Central Role of Hematopoietic Growth Factors Multilineage Growth Factors…
Principles of Nervous System Physiology and Pharmacology Joshua M. Galanter, Susannah B. Cornes, and Daniel H. Lowenstein INTRODUCTION & CASE NEUROANATOMY Anatomy of the Peripheral Nervous System Autonomic Nervous System…
INTRODUCTION Drugs are typically administered in either pill or injection form, with limited control over release rate and localization. More advanced drug delivery systems have recently been developed, however. The…
INTRODUCTION Environmental toxicology is the study of deleterious effects of physical, chemical, or microbiological agents present in air, water, food, or other media. In this context, airborne exposures include those…
Systematic Detection of Adverse Drug Events Jerry Avorn INTRODUCTION & CASE CHALLENGES IN THE ASCERTAINMENT OF DRUG SAFETY Study Size and Generalizability Surrogate Outcomes and Comparators Duration and Postapproval Studies…
