Shock

May 5, 2017 by in GENERAL SURGERY Comments Off on Shock

The biochemical changes associated with the hypoperfusion of shock occur even with compensation. Because of the potential difficulties in diagnosing compensated shock, an arterial and/or venous blood gas analysis including…

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Clinical Transplant Immunology

May 5, 2017 by in GENERAL SURGERY Comments Off on Clinical Transplant Immunology

Figure 34-1. The signal hypothesis of T-cell activation and molecular targets of modern clinical immunosuppression. T-cell activation requires three signals to initiate an effector response: antigen presentation of nonself MHC,…

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Trauma in Pregnancy

May 5, 2017 by in GENERAL SURGERY Comments Off on Trauma in Pregnancy

The main priorities in prehospital care continue to be the avoidance of hypoxia and hypotension in the mother. Maintenance of an adequate airway, as well as provision of supplemental oxygen,…

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Measuring the Quality of Surgical Care

May 5, 2017 by in GENERAL SURGERY Comments Off on Measuring the Quality of Surgical Care

The Leapfrog Group, a coalition of large employers and healthcare purchasers, has issued perhaps the most visible set of surgical quality indicators for its value-based purchasing initiative. Although originally focused…

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Obesity and Metabolic Disease

May 5, 2017 by in GENERAL SURGERY Comments Off on Obesity and Metabolic Disease

Figure 4-1. Interactions between environment and genetics dictate phenotype. A: Environment alters genetics over millennia, while the effects of environment on epigenetics take place over generations. In the case of…

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