Fig. 40.1 Seminoma in a needle biopsy of the retroperitoneum. a H&E stain. b OCT3/4 showing nuclear immunoreactivity. c CD117 showing cytoplasmic/membranous staining. d CD20 staining surrounding lymphocytes Molecular Markers…
Fig. 30.1 Expression of PAX8 in normal and neoplastic renal tissues. PAX8 is expressed throughout renal tubules, but more intensely in distal tubules and collecting ducts (a, b), and urothelium…
Fig. 13.1 Reactive urothelial atypia (H&E). a and b Reactive urothelial atypia is characterized by mild nuclear enlargement with fine, evenly distributed nuclear chromatin and small pinpoint nucleoli. Intraurothelial inflammatory…
Established indications Rule out metastasis of extrarenal primary involving kidney Rule out lymphoma involving kidney Rule out renal mass caused by a benign condition such as infection Patients with unresectable…
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) Benign Clear cell RCC Oncocytoma Multilocular cystic RCC Papillary adenoma Papillary RCC Metanephric adenoma Chromophobe RCC Angiomyolipoma Collecting duct RCC Epithelioid AML Medullary carcinoma Cystic nephroma…
Stage Flocks and Kadesky—1958 Petkovic—1959 Robson—1969 5-year survival (%) 5-year survival (%) 5-year survival (%) 1 Limited to renal capsule 55 Renal limited and encapsulated 75 Renal limited 66 2…
Fig. 41.1 Frozen section of an adenomatoid tumor with cords of tumor cells and fibrotic background mimicking an adenocarcinoma. Original magnification × 100 “Benign” tumors: Most of small masses often…
Fig. 21.1 Pap stain 20×. Bladder washing specimen obtained from a patient with a history of urothelial CIS. The instrumentation effect from the washing may slough off epithelial fragments and…
Fig. 7.1 Preoperative nomogram based on 1978 patients treated by two high-volume surgeons between 1987 and 2003 for predicting the 10-year probability of freedom from prostate-specific antigen ( PSA) recurrence…
Fig. 26.1 a Clear cell papillary RCC showing an aggregate of branching tubules, some cystically dilated and containing small papillary structures. The tubules are lined by cells with clear cytoplasm…
