Acute Cholecystitis
Inflammation may be sparse in early disease Edema and congestion seen in early disease • Inflammation dominated by neutrophils and variable necrosis in later stages of disease • Widespread fibroblastic proliferation can…
Cholelithiasis
One of most common gastrointestinal diseases worldwide – Particularly common in Scandinavia, Chile – In United States, estimated 10-20% of population have gallstones • 2 main types: Cholesterol stones and pigment stones Cholesterol…
Sepsis in Liver
Most often gram-negative infection • Mechanisms uncertain but probably involve decreased activity and expression of canalicular and sinusoidal transporters Clinical Issues • Patients are systemically ill and typically jaundiced • Enzyme elevations may…
Undifferentiated Carcinoma
Wide range of morphologic findings ranging from pleomorphic epithelioid cells to multinucleated giant cells to spindle cells Clinical Issues • Rare • Prognosis is dismal, often < 1 year • Surgical resection is…
Groove Pancreatitis
Changes are centered around minor papilla and involve “groove” between pancreas and duodenum May mimic pancreatic neoplasm, including cystic neoplasm Microscopic • Duodenal wall around minor ampulla is thickened with marked…
Acinar Cell Cystadenoma
Reported range: 16-66 years • Benign cyst without risk of malignant transformation Macroscopic • Unilocular to multilocular thin-walled cyst(s) filled with serous fluid • Size range: 1.5-10.0 cm Microscopic • Cysts lined by single…
Idiopathic Adulthood Ductopenia
Biochemical evidence of cholestasis • Normal extrahepatic bile ducts • Variable prognosis, ranging from benign clinical course to progressive disease requiring liver transplantation Microscopic • Loss of interlobular bile ducts in > 50%…
Pancreatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia
Low grade includes PanIN-1 and PanIN-2 High grade includes PanIN-3 and carcinoma in situ • Low grade: Mild to moderate nuclear atypia • High grade: Marked nuclear atypia, loss of polarity, cribriforming,…
Inflammatory Polyps
Historically, these lesions have poorly defined histologic criteria and have been referred to by variety of names (e.g., fibroinflammatory polyp, fibroepithelial polyp, mucosal hyperplasia) Etiology/Pathogenesis • Probable result of mucosal injury…
Fatty Liver of Pregnancy
Some affected mothers and infants have inherited long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (LCHAD) deficiency Carnitine palmitoyltransferase I deficiency also associated with fatty liver of pregnancy Clinical Issues • Most commonly occurs in last…
