Expression Profiling, Oncotype DX Assay TERMINOLOGY Abbreviations Quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (QRT-PCR) 21 gene RT-PCR breast cancer gene profiling assay (Oncotype Dx [Genomic Health; Redwood City, CA]) Recurrence…
Hereditary Cancer Family history is a powerful tool for detecting highly penetrant genes responsible for breast cancer susceptibility. This pedigree is very suggestive of a germline mutation due to the…
Ductal Carcinoma In Situ with Microinvasion Key Facts Terminology Ductal carcinoma in situ with microinvasion (DCISM) 1 or more separate microscopic foci of tumor cells infiltrating into periductal stroma No…
Carcinomas with Extensive Intraductal Component This invasive ductal carcinoma is present in an area of fibroadipose tissue. There is no DCIS in the surrounding tissue. This carcinoma would be classified…
Invasive Lobular Carcinoma Variants Key Facts Terminology Variant forms differ from classical ILC with regard to architecture &/or cytology Show areas of nonlinear infiltration Variable degree of atypia and high-grade…
Risk Factors for Developing Breast Carcinoma The most important risk factors for young women developing breast cancer are family history and ethnicity. The cancers are frequently poorly differentiated, highly proliferative,…
Microglandular Adenosis Key Facts Terminology Proliferation of small round tubules with a single cell layer (i.e., without both luminal and myoepithelial cells) in an infiltrative pattern Etiology/Pathogenesis Associated with invasive…
Atypical Lobular Hyperplasia Key Facts Terminology ALH is cytologically identical to LCIS but is more limited in extent Term “lobular neoplasia” (LN) includes both ALH and LCIS Etiology/Pathogenesis The hallmark…
Epithelial Hyperplasia Key Facts Terminology Usual type ductal epithelial hyperplasia (UDH) Clinical Issues UDH found in up to 25% of breast biopsies UDH is frequent constituent of benign epithelial changes…
Mucocele-like Lesions Key Facts Terminology Mucocele-like lesion (MLL) Uncommon lesion involving breast, composed of mucin-containing cysts that may rupture Analogous to mucocele of minor salivary glands Clinical Issues MLL is…
