CHAPTER 22 Ventilation (), Perfusion (), and / Relationships Ventilation and pulmonary blood flow (perfusion) are important components of gas exchange in the lung. However, the major determinant of normal…
CHAPTER 17 Properties of the Vasculature The vasculature consists of a closed system of tubes or vessels that distributes blood from the heart to the tissues and returns blood from…
CHAPTER 32 Elements of Renal Function OVERVIEW OF RENAL FUNCTION The kidney presents in the highest degree the phenomenon of sensibility, the power of reacting to various stimuli in a…
CHAPTER 16 Elements of Cardiac Function ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF THE HEART The cells of the heart, like neurons, are excitable and generate action potentials. These action potentials initiate contraction and…
CHAPTER 43 The Male and Female Reproductive Systems The two most basic components of the reproductive system are the gonads and the reproductive tract. The gonads (testes and ovaries) perform…
CHAPTER 21 Mechanical Properties of the Lung and Chest Wall: Static and Dynamic Lung mechanics is the study of the mechanical properties of the lung and the chest wall (which…
CHAPTER 8 The Special Senses The evolution of vertebrates shows a trend called cephalization in which special sensory organs develop in the heads of animals, along with the corresponding development…
CHAPTER 19 Integrated Control of the Cardiovascular System REGULATION OF CARDIAC OUTPUT AND BLOOD PRESSURE Four factors control cardiac output: heart rate, myocardial contractility, preload, and afterload (Fig. 19-1). Heart…
CHAPTER 9 Organization of Motor Function Movements are the major way that we interact with the world. Most of our activities, whether running, reaching, eating, talking, writing, or reading, ultimately…
CHAPTER 38 Hormonal Regulation of Energy Metabolism This chapter considers the role of hormones in maintaining a constant supply of energy to cells in the body during the digestive and…
