Mycobacterium tuberculosis Lymphadenitis Tariq Muzzafar, MBBS Key Facts Clinical Issues High index of suspicion essential for diagnosis Definitive diagnosis by histology and culture of LN Molecular methods enable quicker identification…
Whipple Disease Sa A. Wang, MD Key Facts Etiology/Pathogenesis T. whipplei, gram-positive bacilli related to Actinomycetes Engulfed by tissue macrophages Systemic disease; affects many organ systems Exerts no visible cytotoxic…
Syphilitic Lymphadenitis Francisco Vega, MD, PhD Key Facts Terminology Syphilis: Chronic systemic infection caused by T. pallidum (Gram-negative spirochete) Clinical Issues Course of disease divided into 3 stages: Primary, secondary,…
Mycobacterial Spindle Cell Pseudotumor Tariq Muzzafar, MBBS Key Facts Clinical Issues Rare entity; predominantly in young men History of immunosuppression and HIV infection Microscopic Pathology Spindle cells arranged in fascicles…
Atypical Mycobacterial Lymphadenitis Tariq Muzzafar, MBBS Key Facts Etiology/Pathogenesis Peak incidence at 1-5 years M. avium-intracellulare (in 80% of cases in children) M. scrofulaceum, M. malmoense, and M. haemophilum Uncommon…
Chronic Granulomatous Lymphadenitis C. Cameron Yin, MD, PhD Key Facts Terminology Granulomatous inflammation is specific type of inflammatory response Characterized by accumulation of modified macrophages (epithelioid cells) Initiated by infectious…
Suppurative Lymphadenitis C. Cameron Yin, MD, PhD Key Facts Terminology Acute lymphadenitis caused by bacterial, fungal, or some viral infections Etiology/Pathogenesis Common bacteria: Staphylococcus and Streptococcus Clinical Issues Regional lymph…
Reactive Paracortical Hyperplasia C. Cameron Yin, MD, PhD Key Facts Terminology Predominantly T-cell response commonly seen in viral and drug-related lymphadenopathies Clinical Issues Patients typically present with enlarged lymph nodes,…
Reactive Follicular Hyperplasia C. Cameron Yin, MD, PhD Key Facts Terminology Benign, reversible process characterized by hyperplastic secondary lymphoid follicles Clinical Issues Enlarged lymph nodes, localized or widespread ± systemic…
Oligomeganephronia Aleksandr Vasilyev, MD, PhD Key Facts Etiology/Pathogenesis Reduced nephron formation during development leads to nephron hypertrophy, secondary FSGS, and eventually ESRD Most cases sporadic, some related to mutations in…
