Microaspiration Aliya N. Husain, MD Ilyssa O. Gordon, MD, PhD Key Facts Terminology Microscopic aspiration of gastric contents usually associated with symptoms of GERD Clinical Issues GERD is common in…

Acute Antibody-Mediated Rejection, Kidney Lynn D. Cornell, MD Key Facts Etiology/Pathogenesis DSA usually directed against HLA class I or II on endothelium May be against ABO blood group antigens in…

Cytomegalovirus Nephritis Anthony Chang, MD Key Facts Terminology CMV infection in kidneys, usually associated with systemic CMV in immunocompromised patient Etiology/Pathogenesis Cytomegalovirus Immunocompromised patients at risk Clinical Issues Presentation Renal…

De Novo Membranous Glomerulonephritis Anthony Chang, MD Key Facts Clinical Issues 0.5-9% of kidney transplant patients Proteinuria Renal dysfunction Unfavorable prognosis 2/3 of patients eventually require renal replacement therapy Microscopic…

Calcineurin Inhibitor Toxicity Shane M. Meehan, MBBCh Key Facts Terminology Kidney dysfunction attributable to injury from calcineurin inhibitor immunosuppressive therapy Etiology/Pathogenesis Transplanted and native kidneys affected by CIT CIT is…

Chronic (Ductopenic) Rejection Matthew M. Yeh, MD, PhD Key Facts Microscopic Pathology Atypical bile duct epithelium resembling dysplasia Centrizonal perivenular hepatocyte dropout Loss of interlobular bile ducts > 50% of…

Recurrent Primary Biliary Cirrhosis Rish K. Pai, MD, PhD Key Facts Clinical Issues Prevalence increases progressively post transplantation 30-50% recurrence within 10 years Most are found to have recurrent disease…

Cryptococcosis Anthony Chang, MD Key Facts Etiology/Pathogenesis Cryptococcus neoformans Cryptococcus gattii Clinical Issues Rare in children before puberty Male predilection Treatment Amphotericin B Fluconazole Microscopic Pathology Granulomatous interstitial inflammation Fungal…