General Principles of Cytopathology Brian Collins I. INTRODUCTION. Cytopathology has developed into a discipline that examines cellular elements from throughout the body collected by a wide variety of methods and…

Joints and Synovium Peter A. Humphrey I. NORMAL ANATOMY. Joints are composed of the ends of contiguous bones and the associated soft tissue elements, including cartilage, ligaments, tendons, and synovium….

Bone Neoplasms and Other Nonmetabolic Disorders Omar Hameed Michael J. Klein I. NORMAL MICROSCOPIC ANATOMY. The bones are composed of compact bone, which is derived from intramembranous ossification, and coarse…

Retroperitoneum Catalina Amador-Ortiz Louis P. Dehner John D. Pfeifer I. NORMAL ANATOMY. The retroperitoneal space (in some respects a virtual space) is located between the posterior parietal peritoneum and the…

Soft Tissue John D. Pfeifer Louis P. Dehner If the term “soft tissue” were restricted to only mesodermally derived structures, then nerves and neural tumors would not be considered in…

Bone Marrow Pathology Jeffery M. Klco John L. Frater I. NORMAL GROSS AND MICROSCOPIC ANATOMY. The bone marrow is generally considered the fourth largest organ in the human body and…

Central Nervous System: Brain, Spinal Cord, and Meninges Richard J. Perrin Sushama Patil Arie Perry I. INTRODUCTION. The task of evaluating a neuropathologic specimen often seems daunting, given the complexity…