© Springer Science+Business Media New York 2015Cristina Magi-Galluzzi and Christopher G. Przybycin (eds.)Genitourinary Pathology10.1007/978-1-4939-2044-0_17 17. Familial Urothelial Carcinomas Christopher G. Przybycin1 and Jesse K. McKenney1 (1) Department of Pathology, Cleveland Clinic, Robert J. Tomsich Pathology and Laboratory…
Patient population Reference Prediction form Outcome No. of patients Variables Accuracy Validation NMIBC Parmar Risk grouping RFS 919 # Tumors, cystoscopy at 3 months Not reported Not performed NMIBC MillanRodriguez…
Gene localization Candidate gene/locus Gene function Key features Strong candidates for susceptibility genes 1q25.3 RNaseL/HPC1 Antiviral and pro-apoptotic role < 65 year old, high GS, advanced disease at diagnosis, strong…
Fig. 13.1 Superoxide production in the mitochondrial electron transport chain. The production of superoxide (O2 •−) is thought to occur at Complex I (NADH dehydrogenase), Complex II (succinate dehydrogenase), or…
Fig. 22.1 Tobacco carcinogen and inflammatory response-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS), bacterial, and viral products mediate inducible and genomic alterations in the PI3K-NF-κB, TP53/63, and KEAP1/NRF2 pathways in HNSCC. (a)…
Fig. 20.1 Schematic drawing of a cochlea cross-cut. A: apical part, responsible for low-frequency hearing; B: basal part, responsible for high-frequency hearing; 1: scala tympani; 2: scala media; 3: scala…
Fig. 7.1 Changes in auditory brain stem response (ABR) following a 106 dB, 2–20 kHz noise for 2 h in a mouse that had only a temporary threshold shift (TTS)….
Fig. 19.1 A scanning electron micrograph of the lower basal turn of a human cochlea. The arrow indicates the direction of insertion of a cochlear implant electrode array into the…
Fig. 3.1 “Core” reactions that produce or remove reactive oxygen species There remains debate among serious chemists (which this author makes no claim to be) as to which of the…
Fig. 15.1 General hallmarks of aging. A detailed explanation of the relevance of this hallmarks and its particularization to ARHL is given in the text (Reproduced with permission of Cell)…
