9 The digestive system CHAPTER CONTENtS The gastrointestinal tract Dose-related effects Excipients The liver Hepatotoxicity Liver function tests Oxidative stress Visible lesions Fatty degeneration Porphyrin production Glutathione depletion Hepatocellular toxicity…
10 The nervous system CHAPTER CONTENTS Neurotoxicity Structural changes Phytol Functional effects CNS stimulant activity Convulsants Pinocamphone Thujone Camphor Pulegone Eucalyptus oil Fennel oil Turpentine oil Other reported cases Animal…
13 Essential oil profiles CHAPTER CONTENTS Notes Information given in the profiles Regulatory guidelines GRAS EU allergens legislation IFRA guidelines Adjusting safe doses and concentrations The amount applied Combinations of…
6 The respiratory system CHAPTER CONTENTS Volatile organic compounds Adverse effects of airborne substances Sensory irritation Terpene oxidation Thresholds Bronchial hyper-reactivity Transient receptor potential channels Respiratory disease Acute respiratory tract…
15 General safety guidelines CHAPTER CONTENTS First aid Signs and symptoms of toxicity Reporting adverse events Safety in healthcare Adverse skin reactions Child safety Patient safety Practitioner safety General safety…
7 The cardiovascular system CHAPTER CONTENTS The heart Heart rate and rhythm Blood pressure Animal and ex vivo studies Convulsants Calcium channel blockade Undefined mechanisms Human oral studies Inhalation effects…
8 The urinary system CHAPTER CONTENTS Nephrotoxicity Acute dosing Subacute and subchronic dosing Chronic dosing Species-specific effects Antinephrotoxicity Diuresis Conclusions Summary The kidneys, which form part of the urinary system,…
1 Introduction This book provides a framework of reference for those interested in the safe and effective use of essential oils in a cosmetic or therapeutic context. The information and…
(1) (2)where , and are, respectively, the gradient and Hessian matrices of u with respect to the space variable ; is a bounded domain (typically a square) with boundary ;…
with in image , e.g. based on computing the cornerness of each pixel (see [5]). At this stage each feature point is typically assigned with some kind of a descriptor…
