Diagnosis History and Physical Viral laryngitis Acute onset of fever, sore throat, cough, and/or other symptoms consistent with upper respiratory tract infection Vocal cord paralysis Breathy voice, most commonly idiopathic…
Pathophysiology Comments Colon cancer Mass causes mechanical LBO History of weight loss, change in bowel habits, bloody stools Volvulus (sigmoid or cecal) Twisting of colon causes mechanical LBO Sigmoid…
Select benign calcifications Skin calcifications May be secondary to dermatitis or hygiene products (e.g., deodorants, ointments) Vascular calcifications Linear or parallel tracks; may be associated with underlying vascular disease Coarse…
Condition History and physical Features Fibrocystic change Vague irregularity of breast tissue (lumpy breast), often in upper quadrants, cysts have a blue-dome appearance on exam Most common breast mass in…
Condition Comments Necrotizing soft tissue infection Acute infection of the deep fascia, often with crepitus, bullae, and necrosis of the subcutaneous tissue, mixed flora Cellulitis Infection of the deep dermis…
Diagnosis Malignant? Comments Junctional nevi No Dark, flat, smooth lesions. They are occasionally hairy and develop from the basal layer of epidermis. Nevi that are located on the palms and…
Etiology Differential diagnosis Vascular Thoracic outlet syndrome, vasculitic neuropathy Infectious Medical neuropathy (e.g., leprosy, Lyme disease, HIV, hepatitis, post-herpetic neuralgia) Neoplastic Pancoast tumor invading brachial plexus, intracranial neoplasm, peripheral nerve…
Condition Comments K – congenital Thyroglossal duct cyst Midline mass, moves with tongue protrusion; may become infected; most common congenital neck anomaly Branchial cleft cyst Lateral to midline; at risk…
Diagnosis Description Characteristics Thyroglossal duct cyst Congenital persistence of thyroglossal duct Well-defined, smooth neck mass located in the midline, above the cricoid cartilage; elevates with tongue protrusion (swallowing) Multi-nodular goiter…
Fig. 24.1 (a) Lateral radiograph and (b) computed tomographic scan (Reprinted from Youmans Neurological Surgery, Vollmer DG, Eichler ME, Jenkins III, AL, Assessment of the cervical spine after trauma, pp….
