Congestive Heart Failure DIAGNOSTIC SUMMARY • Left ventricular failure: exertional dyspnea, cough, fatigue, orthropnea, cardiac enlargement, rales, gallop rhythm, and pulmonary venous congestion. • Right ventricular failure: elevated venous pressure, hepatomegaly,…

  Erythema Multiforme DIAGNOSTIC SUMMARY • Sudden onset of symmetric, erythematous, edematous, macular, papular, urticarial, bullous, or purpuric skin lesions. • Evolves into “target lesions” (“bull’s eye” lesions with clear centers and…

  Chronic Candidiasis DIAGNOSTIC SUMMARY • Chronic fatigue and malaise • Gastrointestinal bloating and cramps • Vaginal yeast infection • Allergies and/or low immune function • Carbohydrate craving • History of broad-spectrum antibiotic use GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS…

  Endometriosis DIAGNOSTIC SUMMARY • Triad of symptoms: dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, infertility. • Physical examination: reveals one or more of the following: tenderness of the pelvic area and/or cul-de-sac, enlarged or tender ovaries,…

  Cellulite DIAGNOSTIC SUMMARY • “Mattress phenomenon”: pitting, bulging, and deformation of the skin • Total of 90%-98% of cases occur in women • Feeling of tightness and heaviness in areas affected (legs)…

  Carpal Tunnel Syndrome DIAGNOSTIC SUMMARY • Numbness, tingling, and/or burning pain on palmar surfaces of first three digits and lateral half of fourth digit of the hand. • Positive Tinel’s sign…

  Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia DIAGNOSTIC SUMMARY • Symptoms of bladder outlet obstruction: progressive urinary frequency, urgency and nocturia, hesitancy, and intermittency with reduced force and caliber of urine • Enlarged, nontender prostate…

  Cystitis DIAGNOSTIC SUMMARY • Burning pain on urination • Increased urinary frequency, nocturia • Turbid, foul-smelling, or dark urine • Lower abdominal pain • Urinalysis showing significant pyuria and bacteriuria GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS Bladder infections…

  Cervical Dysplasia DIAGNOSTIC SUMMARY • Abnormal Pap smears (atypical cells of undetermined significance; low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions; high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions) • Colposcopy, endocervical curettage, cervical biopsies: one of following three…

  Chronic Fatigue Syndrome DIAGNOSTIC SUMMARY • Mild fever • Recurrent sore throat • Painful lymph nodes • Muscle weakness • Muscle pain • Prolonged fatigue after exercise • Recurrent headache • Migratory joint pain • Depression • Sleep disturbance…