Developmental stage Genes Extracellular matrix proteins References Interzone formation GDF5 (TGFß-superfamily), Sox9, WNT9a, TGFß, BMP2, BMP4, BMP7 Versican, Collagen I, fibronectin [23, 37, 111–114] Cavitation Sox5, Sox6, Sox9, CD44, BMP2,…
Fig. 1.1 Regenerative strategies for cardiac repair. To provide cardiac repair following ischemic injury such as myocardial infarct (MI), three different aspects should be addressed, that is (1) the modulation…
Fig. 5.1 Proven features of amniotic fluid stem cells (AFSCs) supporting a role in fetal cell microchimerism Fetal cell microchimerism is also represented by the presence of fetal DNA in…
Fig. 6.1 Human lung development Development provides the first context where AFSC-based therapies could prove useful. Many genetic and developmental deficiencies, such as pulmonary hypoplasia, could potentially be addressed in…
Fig. 7.1 Schematic view of MRE system. The MRE system is fabricated by retrofitting an MRI system with a vibration exciter for exciting transverse waves and an MSG generator 1….
up to 103–104 s−1. Miniaturized versions have been developed for microflow experiments [17, 19]. Figure 3.3 shows a scheme for another elongational flow field generator, the four-roller mill (FRM) [8, 52]. Flow…
(5.1) where n i is a unit vector in the direction of the incident electric field, E 0 is the amplitude, k i is the wave vector, and ω i…
Fig. 16.1 Structural representations of water Carbohydrates are composed of oxygen, hydrogen, and carbon. There are various types of carbohydrates, the most important of which in biological systems is glucose…
Fig. 15.1 Principles of AFM. The force between the cantilever tip and the sample is detected by deflection of the cantilever and an optical lever coupled with a position-sensitive photodetector…
. At high shear rate, the orientation is similar to that at low shear rate but defects disappear. They also gave simple explanation on the power law behavior of the…
