Breast and Neurovascular System of the Upper Extremity BREAST (MASTECTOMY) INCISION Abduct the arm as much as possible and restrain with cheesecloth sling tied to the dissection table (Fig. 2.1)….
Breast and Neurovascular System of the Upper Extremity BREAST (MASTECTOMY) INCISION Abduct the arm as much as possible and restrain with cheesecloth sling tied to the dissection table (Fig. 2.1)….
Head and Neck PAROTID GLAND AND FACIAL NERVE (PAROTIDECTOMY) INCISION Perform an S-shaped preauricular incision extending from the top of the external ear to the midneck (Fig. 1.1). OPERATIVE PROCEDURE…
Gross Processing of Liver Specimens Roger K. Moreira, MD 2.1 GROSS ANATOMY Weight The normal human liver varies significantly in size, with an average weight of approximately 1,500 g (ranging…
The Normal Liver Samar Said, MD 1.1 GROSS ANATOMY The liver is located in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen, under the diaphragm. It has a smooth surface and…
Pulmonary Function, Arterial Blood Gases (ABGs), and Electrolyte Studies OVERVIEW OF PULMONARY FUNCTION TESTS Pulmonary Physiology There are three aspects of pulmonary function: perfusion, diffusion, and ventilation. Perfusion relates to…
Special Diagnostic Studies OVERVIEW OF SPECIAL DIAGNOSTIC STUDIES These special studies have been selected for discussion because of their great diagnostic value in identifying diseases and disorders of certain organs…
Prenatal Diagnosis and Tests of Fetal Well-Being OVERVIEW OF PRENATAL DIAGNOSIS Fetal well-being depends on maternal health (see Chapter 6, page 336 for gestational diabetes screening). Many routine prenatal tests…
Ultrasound Studies OVERVIEW OF ULTRASOUND STUDIES Ultrasound (ultrasonography) is a noninvasive procedure for visualizing soft tissue structures of the body by recording the reflection of inaudible sound waves directed into…
Microbiologic Studies OVERVIEW OF MICROBIOLOGIC STUDIES Diagnostic Testing and Microbes Microorganisms that cause infectious disease are defined as pathogens. Organisms that are pathogenic under one set of conditions may, under…
