Generalised linear mixed models
Chapter 3Generalised linear mixed models Up until now, we have considered models with normally distributed errors. However, there are many situations where data are not of this type, for example,…
Introduction
Chapter 1Introduction At the start of each chapter, we will ‘set the scene’ by outlining its content. In this introductory chapter, we start Section 1.1 by describing some situations where…
Mixed models for categorical data
Chapter 4Mixed models for categorical data Categorical data often occur in clinical trials. For example, adverse events may be classified on an ordinal scale as mild, moderate or severe. In…
Repeated measures data
Chapter 6Repeated measures data In this chapter, we consider mixed models approaches to analysing repeated measures data. An introduction to repeated measures data and its analysis is given in Section…
Other applications of mixed models
Chapter 8Other applications of mixed models In this chapter, the use of mixed models in a variety of situations is considered. In Chapters 5, 6 and 7, we covered three…
Cross-over trials
Chapter 7Cross-over trials 7.1 Introduction In earlier chapters, we have considered parallel group designs, where each subject is randomised to receive one of a number of alternative treatments. In contrast,…
Multi-centre trials and meta-analyses
Chapter 5Multi-centre trials and meta-analyses In this chapter, we consider the analysis of data that are collected from several centres or trials. Such datasets in which observations have a natural…
Software for fitting mixed models
Chapter 9Software for fitting mixed models In this chapter, we will look at software for fitting mixed models, with a particular emphasis on the SAS package, which has been used…
Locomotor system
12 Locomotor system Richard L M. Newell ANATOMY OVERVIEW OF CONTENT The anatomy will be described on a mainly regional basis, dealing with the vertebral column, girdles and limbs. Transitional…
Paediatric disorders
16 Paediatric disorders Jenny Walker INTRODUCTION Paediatric surgical disorders can present at any age. Paediatric in most centres is from birth to 16 years. Some surgical disorders in childhood are…
