CHAPTER 15. NASOGASTRIC TUBE PLACEMENT Introduction123 Indications124 Contraindications124 Equipment124 Practical procedure124 Post-procedure investigations127 Complications127 The modern nasogastric (NG) tube is a 1921 modification by John Alfred Ryle (1889–1950). He covered…
CHAPTER 9. PREPARING AND SETTING UP INTRAVENOUS MEDICATIONS Introduction75 Indications75 Contraindications75 Equipment75 Practical procedure76 Complications78 INTRODUCTION Intravenous fluids or medication for administration are usually prepared by nursing staff. However, junior…
CHAPTER 7. BLOOD CULTURES Introduction63 Indications63 Sampling contraindicated64 Equipment64 Practical procedure65 Post-procedure investigations65 Following on from Louis Pasteur’s (1822–1895) germ theory it was inevitable that attempts would be made to…
CHAPTER 10. INTRAVENOUS FLUIDS AND COMMONLY PRESCRIBED INFUSIONS Introduction79 Commonly prescribed infusions85 Dr Thomas Aitchison Latta (circa 1790–1833) pioneered the use of intravenous saline as fluid resuscitation for cholera victims…
Chapter 11 Heart Sounds and Extra Sounds Salvatore Mangione, MD “… the gallop stroke is diastolic and is due to the beginning of sudden tension in the ventricular wall as…
Chapter 8 The Thyroid Salvatore Mangione, MD “New York, the nation’s thyroid gland.” Christopher Morley (1890–1957) A. Generalities Figure 8-17 Von Graefe’s sign (lid lag). The thyroid may not be…
Chapter 15 The Abdomen Salvatore Mangione, MD Generalities Conventional teaching has long recognized the abdomen as “the grave of the internist,” since in contrast to the chest, this cavity has…
Chapter 14 Lung Auscultation Salvatore Mangione, MD “Those who advise that all stethoscopes should be ‘scrapped’ may be influenced by the fact that they do not know how to use…
Chapter 13 Chest Inspection, Palpation, and Percussion Salvatore Mangione, MD “According to a German physician, if the chest covered with a simple shirt is struck with the hand, it gives…
