Peripheral Vascular Disease
Figure 85.1. Ankle Brachial Index (ABI) and Mortality. Association of ABI with all-cause mortality in a meta-analysis of 16 cohort studies including 48,294 subjects and 480,325 person-years of follow-up. Source:…
Acute Kidney Injury
Figure 57.1. Autoregulation of Glomerular Filtration. (A) The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) for each glomerulus is determined by glomerular capillary pressure (P) and is represented by the open arrow. Total…
Sepsis Syndrome
Box 39.1 THE SYSTEMIC INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE SYNDROME (SIRS) Defined as two or more of the following criteria: 1) Temperature: >38ºC (100.4ºF) or <36ºC (96.8ºF) 2) Heart rate >90 beats per…
Tropical Infections
Box 5.1 COMPLICATIONS OF FALCIPARUM MALARIA Cerebral malaria (alterations of consciousness including coma) Hypoglycemia Noncardiac pulmonary edema, acute respiratory failure Renal failure, including blackwater fever (hemoglobinuria) Severe anemia Lactic acidosis…
Pleural Disease
Figure 32.1. Indications for performing an initial thoracentesis. Complications from thoracentesis include pain at the puncture site, cutaneous or internal bleeding, pneumothorax, empyema, and spleen/liver puncture. Pneumothorax may complicate as…
Valvular Heart Disease
Symptoms + MVA ≤1.5 cm2 OR Absence of left atrial thrombus Asymptomatic + MVA ≤1.5 cm2 + PASP >50 mm Hg at rest or >60 mm Hg with exercise OR…
Dialysis and Transplantation
Figure 60.1. Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD). In CAPD, dialysate is instilled into the peritoneal cavity through the peritoneal dialysis catheter. VASCULAR ACCESS Vascular access remains the Achilles heel of…
