Hepatic Artery Thrombosis
Results in bile duct ischemia, hepatic parenchymal infarction – Bile ducts depend on arterial flow and therefore suffer ischemic injury Clinical Issues • Relatively well tolerated in native livers Anastomosing blood supply…
Preservation Injury
Prolonged storage in preservation solutions • Warm ischemia Compromised blood flow to liver at body temperature before and during harvesting Resumption of blood flow after implantation Clinical Issues • Elevation of serum…
Choledochal Cyst
Possibly congenital malformation Clinical Issues • Usually presents in childhood before age 10 75% of patients are female Very common in Asian populations, particularly in Japan • Jaundice, abdominal pain, mass are…
Cryptococcosis
Liver involvement is usually feature of disseminated disease Most common in, but not limited to, immunocompromised patients Etiology/Pathogenesis • Worldwide distribution and widespread in nature • Ubiquitous soil saprophyte; acquired by inhalation…
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Hepatic TB seen in ∼ 1% of patients with active TB More common in HIV(+) patients Etiology/Pathogenesis • Transmission typically by inhalation Can reach liver by hematogenous spread or direct spread…
Granular Cell Tumor
Most common nonepithelial tumor of extrahepatic bile ducts Clinical Issues • Occur most often in young African American women Mean age: 34.7 years • Most frequent location is common bile duct • Often…
Schistosomiasis
S. mansoni and S. japonicum most frequently cause hepatosplenic disease Etiology/Pathogenesis • Infection occurs when cercariae (infectious larvae) leave intermediate host snail and penetrate skin of vertebrate host (in contaminated water)…
Congenital Pancreatic Cyst
Presumably due to failure of embryonic pancreatic ducts to regress, when they are replaced by permanent ones, that leads to their obstruction and cyst formation in utero May be associated…
Cystic Fibrosis, Hepatic
Most common lethal autosomal recessive inherited disorder in Caucasian population • CFTR mutation on chromosome 7 Abnormal chloride transport in apical membrane of epithelial cells Clinical Issues • 1 in 2,000-2,500 live…
Paraganglioma
Progenitor neural crest cells Embryonic celiac ganglion Endodermally derived epithelial cells originating from ventral primordium of pancreas (hamartomatous proliferation) Pancreatic tumor composed of ganglion-islet cell complexes Clinical Issues • Uncommon • 3rd-9th…
