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Fig. 2.1 Phase transition temperatures of cholesterolpelargonate The temperature of the transition solid–liquid crystal is called the melting temperature T m . The temperature of the transition liquid crystal–isotropic liquid is…

Fig. 3.1 Classification of friction types At present the integrity of knowledge about friction and phenomena accompanying it are integrated by the science that came to be named tribology. This word…

Fig. 1.1 Anatomic structure of knee joint The hip joint is a classic example of the ball articular joint with three degrees of freedom. It is a compact union of the…

Fig. 6.1 Diagram of pathogenesis of deforming osteoarthrosis Most researchers believe that a disorder of metabolism of chondrocytes when catabolic processes dominate over anabolic processes starts cartilage degeneration in osteoarthrosis [11–13,…

Fig. 4.1 Diagram of hydrodynamic lubrication in joints However, it became shortly apparent that this hypothesis was unable to explain the extremely small friction coefficients that are observed in real joints….