The Theory and Definitions of Drug Safety (Pharmacoviligance)
1 The Theory and Definitions of Drug Safety (Pharmacovigilance) What is an adverse event (AE)? A serious AE? An adverse drug reaction (ADR)? A suspected adverse drug reaction (SADR)? A…
Chemistry of Mustard Compounds
Chemical name Common name Class Formula Structure Izopropylmethylphosphonofluoridate Sarin Nerve agent C4H10FO2P Pinacolylmethylphosphonofluoridate Soman Nerve agent C7H16FO2P Cyclohexylmethylphosphonofluoridate Cyclosarin Nerve agent C7H14FO2P Ethyl N,N′-dimethylphosphoroamidocyanidate Tabun Nerve agent C5H11N2O2P O-ethyl, S-2-diisopropylaminoethyl…
Basic Pharmacology and Toxicology
Compound CAS number Molecular formula Chemical structure Synonyms Bis-(2-chloroethyl) sulfide 505-60-2 C4-H8-Cl2-S HD, agent HD, mustard gas, yperite, LOST, Sulfur mustard 1,2-Bis-(2-chloroethylthio)-ethane 3563-36-8 C6-H12-Cl2-S2 Q, agent Q, sesquimustard, 1,8-dichloro-3,6-dithiaoctane Bis-(2-chloroethylthioethyl)-ether…
Ocular Injury by Mustard Gas; Early and Late Complications
Fig. 9.1 Mild eyelid erythema and conjunctival congestion in acute keratopathy with mild SM exposure A dose of 100–200 mg/m3/min can lead to moderate complaints involving eyelids, conjunctiva and cornea….
Lower Airway Complications of Sulfur Mustard Exposure
Fig. 7.1 Flowchart of the cellular events in acute injury following sulfur mustard exposure. (Red arrow: inhibitory pathway, Dotted line: under study or possible pathway, Boxes with “lock” symbol; Steps…
Occupational and Environmental Mustard Exposure, Prevention and Chemical Weapons Convention
H/HD HT HN1 HN2 HN3 Chemical formula C6H8Cl2S C6H8Cl2S C8H16Cl2OS2 C6H13Cl2N C5H11Cl2N C6H12Cl3N CAS no. 505-60-2 63918-89-8 538-07-8 51-75-2 555-77-1 Mol. weight 159.08 ND 170.08 156.07 205.54 Physical state…
Dermatologic Aspects of Sulfur Mustard Exposure
Fig. 8.1 (a) Vesicle and bullae formation within the area of erythema (Unpublished slide of a SM veteran under Prof. Balali-Mood’s medical care, taken with permission of the patient). (b)…
Delayed Complications and Long-Term Effects of SM Poisonings: Experience of Iran-Iraq War
The number of Iranians exposed to chemical weapons during the war 1,000,000 people The number of Iranians who received medical care during their exposures to chemical gases 100,000 people Iranians…
Summary and Conclusion
© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015Mahdi Balali-Mood and Mohammad Abdollahi (eds.)Basic and Clinical Toxicology of Mustard Compounds10.1007/978-3-319-23874-6_15 15. Summary and Conclusion Mahdi Balali-Mood1 and Mohammad Abdollahi2, 3, 4 (1) Medical Toxicology Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad…
Verification of SM Exposure in Biological Samples
© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015Mahdi Balali-Mood and Mohammad Abdollahi (eds.)Basic and Clinical Toxicology of Mustard Compounds10.1007/978-3-319-23874-6_13 13. Verification of SM Exposure in Biological Samples Dirk Steinritz1 and Horst Thiermann1 (1) Bundeswehr Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology,…
