Alphaviruses
Alphaviruses Diane E. Griffin The genus Alphavirus includes 29 species that can be classified antigenically into at least eight complexes (Table 23.1). Alphaviruses are geographically restricted in their distributions and…
Togaviridae
Togaviridae Richard J. Kuhn The togaviruses are simple enveloped plus-strand RNA viruses that are spherical in appearance and contribute significantly to human disease. Although they were originally classified together with…
Astroviruses
Astroviruses Ernesto Méndez Carlos F. Arias The family Astroviridae includes human and animal astroviruses that show icosahedral morphology; they are nonenveloped and their genome is composed of plus-sense, single-stranded RNA…
Caliciviridae: The Noroviruses
Caliciviridae: The Noroviruses Kim Y. Green The family Caliciviridae is composed of small (27 to 40 nm), nonenveloped, icosahedral viruses that possess a linear, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) genome. The…
Hepatitis A Virus
Hepatitis A Virus F. Blaine Hollinger Annette Martin History Reports of icteric disease in ancient Chinese literature, as reviewed by Zuckerman,419 and a letter from Pope Zacharias to Archbishop St….
Rhinoviruses
Rhinoviruses James E. Gern Ann C. Palmenberg History The common cold has been recognized for millennia, and both the illness and prescribed remedies have been influenced by and engendered a…
Enteroviruses: Polioviruses, Coxsackieviruses, Echoviruses, and Newer Enteroviruses
Enteroviruses: Polioviruses, Coxsackieviruses, Echoviruses, and Newer Enteroviruses Mark A. Pallansch M. Steven Oberste J. Lindsay Whitton History The history of enteroviruses (EVs) is very much the history of poliovirus (PV)….
Picornaviridae: The Viruses and their Replication
Picornaviridae: The Viruses and their Replication Vincent R. Racaniello Viruses in the family Picornaviridae have nonenveloped particles with a single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) genome of positive polarity. Among its many members…
Diagnostic Virology
Diagnostic Virology Gregory A. Storch David Wang Diagnostic virology continues to evolve rapidly. Viral testing is now essential for the care of a number of patient groups, including hospitalized patients…
Immunization Against Viral Diseases
Immunization Against Viral Diseases Barney S. Graham James E. Crowe Jr. Julie E. Ledgerwood Both innate and adaptive immune responses mediate host resistance to virus infection. Elements of the innate…
