Diabetic Foot Ulcers
Fig. 12.1 Mortality in diabetes patients with and without diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) Fig. 12.2 Mortality in diabetes patients with and without neuropathic diabetic foot ulcers (nDFU) Alarmingly, foot ulceration…
Types of Ulcers of Lower Extremity
Vascular Venous Arterial Mixed Neuropathic Diabetes Tabes Syringomyelia Metabolic Diabetes Gout Prolidase deficiency Hematological Sickle-cell diseases Cryoglobulinemia Trauma Pressure Injury Burns Tumors Squamous cell carcinoma Marjolin’s ulcer Basal cell carcinoma…
Grafts and Flaps for the Lower Limb
Fig. 26.1 Wound around knee where exposed bone require a flap and rest can be managed by split skin graft 26.2 Split Skin Graft For below-knee defect, ipsilateral thigh is…
Pressure Ulcers of the Lower Limb
Fig. 20.1 Common locations of pressure or trophic ulcers of lower limb. Heel is the most common site of pressure or trophic ulcer (a–c), as this portion is the most…
Documentation of Ulcer
Information to be documented 1. Date and time of assessment 2. Type of wound and underlying etiology 3. Factors that could delay wound healing 4. Location of wound 5. Duration…
Amputation of the Lower Extremity
Fig. 27.1 Gangrene of multiple toes requiring amputation in diabetic foot ulcer Fig. 27.2 Gangrene of toes with infection and tissue necrosis 27.2.2 Ulcer with Atherosclerosis Ulcers develop in atherosclerosis…
Clinical Anatomy of Lower Extremity
Fig. 5.1 Gluteal region Fig. 5.2 Nervous anatomy of lower limb The following structures emerge from the pelvis through greater sciatic foramen into the gluteal region: 1. Above the piriformis…
Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infection
Types of NF Etiology Organism(s) Clinical progress Mortality Type I (70–80 % cases) Polymicrobial/synergistic, often bowel flora derived Mixed anaerobes and aerobes More indolent, better prognosis, easier to recognize clinically…
Microbiology of Ulcer
B. Impaired healing of wound: 8.8 Infective Causes of Ulcer 8.8.1 Infectious Causes of Limb Ulcers Ulceration in the lower extremity may be due to infectious agents. Diverse…
Arterial Ulcer
Arterial occlusion Peripheral arterial disease (arteriosclerosis) Diabetes Arterial thrombosis ⁄ macrothromboembolism and microthromboembolism (fibrin, platelets) Fat embolism (hypercholesterolemia, hyperlipidemia) Detachment of cholesterol-containing plaques from aorta, aneurysm, or atrium (atrial fibrillation)…
