Figure 22-1 United States Department of Agriculture MyPlate. (From http://www.choosemyplate.gov [last accessed 1/5/15]) Calculating Energy Requirements Total energy expenditure = basal metabolic rate (BMR) + the energy expenditure of activity…
DIAGNOSIS Headaches are divided into primary and secondary types. Primary headache syndromes are not associated with other diseases and include migraine, tension-type, and cluster headaches. Secondary headaches are common manifestations…
EAC, external auditory canal; OM, otitis media; TM, tympanic membrane. TREATMENT The EAC should be carefully cleaned by flushing out excess cerumen, desquamated skin, purulent material, and any foreign body,…
DIAGNOSIS Clinical Presentation COPD is an insidious disease, with dyspnea being the predominant presenting symptom. However, dyspnea typically does not develop until the FEV1 (forced expiratory volume in 1 second)…
Figure 10-1 Arrhythmia classification. AVB, atrioventricular block; AVNRT, atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia; AVRT, atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia; bpm, beats per minute; SVT, supraventricular tachycardia; VT, ventricular tachycardia. TACHYARRHYTHMIAS Tachyarrhythmias exhibit a…
Data from McIsaac WJ, White D, Tannenbaum D, et al. A clinical score to reduce unnecessary antibiotic use in patients with sore throat. CMAJ 1998;158:75–83. Diagnostic Testing Throat cultures are…
TABLE 42-1 Psychiatric Differential Diagnosis for Major Depression5,8 TREATMENT Depression treatment consists of three phases15,16: Acute therapy (usually 6 to 12 weeks) Continuation (4 to 9 months), which targets prevention…
Postrenal Failure Ureteral obstruction (e.g., calculus, tumor, clot, sloughed papillae, and external compression) Bladder outlet obstruction (e.g., prostatic hypertrophy, neurogenic bladder, carcinoma, and urethral stricture) DIAGNOSIS Clinical Presentation History Urine…
CRP, C-reactive protein; HDL, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Modified from Pearson TA, Mensah GA, Alexander RW, et al. Markers of inflammation and cardiovascular disease: application to clinical and public health practice….
DIAGNOSIS Clinical Presentation A general approach to the diagnosis of ILD is presented in Figure 17-1.3 Figure 17-1 Approach to diagnosing interstitial lung diseases. (BAL, bronchoalveolar lavage; CXR, plain chest…
